Factors affecting rates of reactions

• What are the factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions?

  Temperature, concentration, pressure, surface area, catalyst
• What is the theory behind chemical reactions called?

  Collision theory
• What must particles do to react according to collision theory?

  Collide with sufficient energy
• What is the term for the minimum energy required for a reaction?

  Activation energy
• What happens if particles collide with less energy than the activation energy?

  They bounce apart without reacting
• What two main factors determine the rate of a chemical reaction?

  Energy of particles and collision frequency
• How does increasing the energy of particles affect the rate of reaction?

  It increases the likelihood of surpassing activation energy
• What does collision frequency refer to?

  How often particles collide with each other
• How does temperature affect the rate of reaction?

  Higher temperature increases particle energy and collisions
• What happens to particles as temperature increases?

  They move faster and collide more frequently
• How do concentration and pressure affect the rate of reaction?

  They increase the number of particles per volume
• What is the effect of higher surface area on the rate of reaction?

  It increases the frequency of collisions
• How would powdered magnesium react compared to a solid block of magnesium?

  Powdered magnesium reacts faster
• What is a catalyst?

  A substance that speeds up a reaction
• How do catalysts affect activation energy?

  They lower the activation energy required
• What is the role of a catalyst in a reaction profile?

  It provides an alternative reaction pathway
• Which metals are common sources of catalysts?

  Cobalt and nickel
• What are enzymes?

  Catalysts made by living organisms
• What are the four main factors affecting the rate of chemical reactions?

  • Temperature
  • Concentration
  • Pressure
  • Surface area
  • Presence of a catalyst
• How do temperature, concentration, pressure, and surface area affect the rate of reaction?

  • Increase energy of particles
  • Increase frequency of collisions
  • Lead to more successful collisions
• What is the relationship between activation energy and successful collisions?

  • Activation energy is the minimum energy needed
  • Lower activation energy increases successful collisions
• How do catalysts function in chemical reactions?

  • Speed up reactions without being consumed
  • Lower activation energy by providing alternative pathways