sampling

• What is population validity in research?

  Results generalize to other people
• Why can't researchers test all people in a study?

  It would take too much money and time
• What is a sample in research?

  A smaller group of people tested
• What characterizes a good sample?

  It reflects diversity in the population
• What is another term for a good sample?

  Representative sample
• What is the process of selecting participants called?

  Sampling
• What are the five types of sampling?

  1. Volunteer sampling
  2. Opportunity sampling
  3. Systematic sampling
  4. Random sampling
  5. Stratified sampling
• How does volunteer sampling work?

  Participants volunteer to take part in the study
• What is a disadvantage of volunteer sampling?

  May not be representative of the population
• What is a key advantage of volunteer sampling?

  It is easy and can reach many people
• How does opportunity sampling differ from volunteer sampling?

  Researcher approaches participants first
• What is a disadvantage of opportunity sampling?

  It is not very representative
• What is a key advantage of opportunity sampling?

  It is quick and easy to find people
• How does systematic sampling work?

  Participants are selected using a mathematical pattern
• What is a disadvantage of systematic sampling?

  Population information may not be available
• What is a key advantage of systematic sampling?

  It can produce a more representative sample
• What does random sampling involve?

  Choosing participants randomly from the population
• What is a disadvantage of random sampling?

  Population information may not be available
• What is a key advantage of random sampling?

  Everyone has an equal chance of selection
• What is stratified sampling?

  A method that represents each subgroup proportionally
• What is a disadvantage of stratified sampling?

  Researchers may miss a subgroup
• What is a key advantage of stratified sampling?

  It reflects the population accurately
• How does stratified sampling compare to other methods?

  It is more representative but time-consuming