Forces in motion

• What is the first condition for using the equations of linear motion (SUVAT)?

  Constant acceleration
• What is the second condition for using the equations of linear motion (SUVAT)?

  Moving in a straight line
• What are the equations of linear motion (SUVAT)?

  1. \( v = u + at \)
  2. \( S = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2 \)
  3. \( S = \frac{(u + v)}{2} \times t \)
  4. \( v^2 = u^2 + 2as \)
• What does the area under a velocity-time graph represent?

  Displacement
• What does a steeper gradient on a velocity-time graph indicate?

  Greater acceleration
• What does a steepening curve with a positive gradient on a velocity-time graph mean?

  Acceleration is increasing
• What does a shallowing curve with a positive gradient on a velocity-time graph indicate?

  Acceleration is decreasing
• What does a steepening curve with a negative gradient on a velocity-time graph represent?

  Deceleration is increasing
• What does a shallowing curve with a negative gradient on a velocity-time graph indicate?

  Deceleration is decreasing
• What does the gradient of a tangent from a curve on a velocity-time graph represent?

  Instantaneous acceleration
• What are the key features of velocity-time graphs?

  • Gradient = acceleration
  • Straight line = constant acceleration
  • Horizontal line = constant velocity
  • Area above x-axis = forward displacement
  • Area below x-axis = backward displacement
• What is the formula for momentum?

  Momentum = mass x velocity
• What does Newton's second law state?

  Resultant force is proportional to momentum change
• What is impulse in physics?

  Impulse is a change in momentum
• How does increasing time affect force in an impulse scenario?

  Increasing time decreases force
• If a car accelerates from rest to 8 m/s at 2.5 m/s², how long does it take?

  3.2 seconds
• What are the conditions for using SUVAT equations?

  • Constant acceleration
  • Moving in a straight line
• What does the notation 'S' represent in SUVAT equations?

  Distance (m)
• What does the notation 'U' represent in SUVAT equations?

  Initial velocity (m/s)
• What does the notation 'V' represent in SUVAT equations?

  Final velocity (m/s)
• What does the notation 'A' represent in SUVAT equations?

  Acceleration (m/s²)
• What does the notation 'T' represent in SUVAT equations?

  Time (s)
• What are the key features of Newton's laws of motion?

  1. 1st Law: Object remains at rest or constant speed unless acted on.
  2. 2nd Law: Force is proportional to rate of change of momentum.
  3. 3rd Law: Equal and opposite forces when two objects interact.
• What is the formula for impulse?

  Impulse = Force x time
• What happens to momentum in a closed system?

  Momentum is conserved
• How does the force during a car crash change with time?

  Force becomes larger with small time
• How does the force during a car crash change with large time?

  Force becomes smaller with large time
• What is the relationship between force and momentum change?

  Force is proportional to momentum change
• What does the equation \( F = \frac{\Delta mv}{\Delta t} \) represent?

  Force equals change in momentum over time
• What is the formula for calculating acceleration?

  Acceleration = change in velocity / time
• What does the term 'resultant force' refer to?

  The net force acting on an object
• How does momentum behave in a closed system?

  It remains constant unless acted upon
• What is the significance of the gradient in a velocity-time graph?

  It represents acceleration
• What does a horizontal line on a velocity-time graph indicate?

  Constant velocity
• What does a graph below the x-axis on a velocity-time graph indicate?

  Moving backwards
• What does the area above the x-axis in a velocity-time graph represent?

  Forward displacement
• What does the area below the x-axis in a velocity-time graph represent?

  Backward displacement
• What does the total displacement in a velocity-time graph equal?

  Area above - area below
• What does the total distance in a velocity-time graph equal?

  Sum of all areas
• What does it mean if a graph touches the x-axis?

  The object is stationary at that time