neurochemistry

• What is the primary neurotransmitter involved in mood regulation?

  Serotonin
• How does serotonin affect brain functions?

  It regulates nearly all brain functions
• What type of medication uses serotonin for treatment?

  Anti-depressants - SSRIs
• What are the two primary hormones involved in stress response?

  Adrenaline and cortisol
• What is the primary stress hormone?

  Cortisol
• What physiological response does adrenaline trigger?

  Increases heart rate and blood pressure
• What is the role of adrenaline in the fight or flight response?

  It provides more energy through increased heart rate
• Which hormones are associated with muscle mass increase?

  Oestrogen and testosterone
• How does the menstrual cycle relate to sex hormones?

  It involves fluctuations in oestrogen and testosterone
• What is the size of the synaptic cleft?

  • Less than 40 nm
• What is the role of the pre-synaptic neuron?

  It releases neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft
• What processes are involved in synaptic transmission?

  Diffusion and re-uptake of neurotransmitters
• What happens to neurotransmitters after they are used in synaptic transmission?

  They are recycled or broken down by enzymes