psc3013 lectures 11-14

    Cards (14)

    • What is mucus primarily composed of?
      Water, glycoproteins, and electrolytes
    • What is the role of glycoproteins in mucus?
      They create a viscoelastic barrier trapping pathogens
    • How does mucus protect mucosal surfaces?

      It lubricates and protects from damage
    • What is the significance of mucosal protection?
      It prevents pathogens from reaching underlying cells
    • What are the physical properties of mucus?
      Viscosity, elasticity, hydration, glycoproteins, water, electrolytes
    • What are endogenous aggressors?
      Internal factors damaging the gastric mucosa
    • How do endogenous aggressors differ from external factors?

      Endogenous aggressors are produced internally
    • What are the main endogenous aggressors to the gastric mucosa?
      • Acid
      • Pepsin
      • Biliary reflux
    • What is the role of acid in the stomach?
      It aids digestion and kills bacteria
    • What pH range characterizes gastric acid?
      1. 5-3.5
    • What can happen if acid is not balanced by protective mechanisms?
      It can damage the gastric mucosa
    • Under what condition does pepsin damage the gastric mucosa?
      If mucus protection is insufficient
    • What is biliary reflux?
      Backflow of bile into the stomach
    • How do bile acids damage the gastric mucosa?
      They disrupt the protective mucus layer
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