reaction of metals

• What are the three reactions of metals to know?

  Metal plus oxygen, water, and dilute acid
• What is the product of a metal reacting with oxygen?

  Metal oxide
• What is produced when a metal reacts with water?

  Metal hydroxide plus hydrogen
• What is formed when a metal reacts with dilute acid?

  Salt plus hydrogen
• What does burning magnesium in air produce?

  Magnesium oxide
• Why does aluminum not corrode quickly in air?

  It forms a protective layer of aluminum oxide
• What happens to lithium, sodium, and potassium when exposed to air?

  They tarnish and look dull
• What color is lithium oxide?

  Grayish
• What happens to silver cutlery over time?

  It tarnishes due to oxygen reaction
• What do group one metals produce when they react with water?

  An alkaline solution
• How does iron react with water?

  Slowly and can cause rusting
• What is the reactivity series?

  A list of metals based on reactivity
• What does a more reactive metal do with dilute acid?

  It reacts to produce salt and hydrogen
• What is a salt in chemistry?

  A product of acid neutralization
• What does calcium plus sulfuric acid produce?

  Calcium sulfate plus hydrogen
• Why does calcium displace hydrogen in reactions?

  Calcium is more reactive than hydrogen
• What does sodium plus hydrochloric acid produce?

  Sodium chloride plus hydrogen
• What does calcium plus nitric acid produce?

  Calcium nitrate plus hydrogen
• What does potassium plus sulfuric acid produce?

  Potassium sulfate plus hydrogen
• What trend in reactivity is observed in metals?

  More reactive metals lose outer electrons easily
• Why is potassium more reactive than sodium?

  Its outer electron is further from the nucleus
• Why does reactivity decrease from left to right in the periodic table?

  More energy is needed to remove electrons
• What are the reactions of metals with oxygen, water, and dilute acid?

  • Metal + Oxygen → Metal Oxide
  • Metal + Water → Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen
  • Metal + Dilute Acid → Salt + Hydrogen
• What is the trend in reactivity among group 1 metals?

  • Lithium < Sodium < Potassium
  • Reactivity increases down the group
  • Easier to remove outer electrons
• What happens when a piece of sodium is dropped into water?

  • Sodium reacts vigorously
  • Produces hydrogen gas
  • Universal indicator turns purple (alkaline)
• What is the significance of the reactivity series?

  • Ranks metals by reactivity
  • Predicts reactions with acids and water
  • Helps understand displacement reactions