Plates

• What are the pieces of the Earth's crust called?

  Plates
• How do convection currents affect plate movement?

  They cause plates to move by pulling them
• What is the term for the boundary where two plates meet?

  Plate boundary
• What happens when plates collide?

  They create destructive boundaries
• What is the name of the theory that studies plate movements?

  Plate tectonics
• What was the name of the supercontinent proposed by Wegener?

  Pangaea
• What geological feature was discovered in the 1950s that supported Wegener's theory?

  The Mid-Atlantic Ridge
• What occurs at destructive boundaries?

  Crust is destroyed and subduction occurs
• What geological features are formed by colliding plates?

  Fold mountains, earthquakes, and volcanoes
• What happens at constructive boundaries?

  New crust is created
• What is sea-floor spreading?

  Formation of new crust under the sea
• What type of geological features are formed by separating plates?

  Volcanic mountains and mid-ocean ridges
• What occurs at passive boundaries?

  No crust is created or destroyed
• What is a fault line?

  A fracture where plates slide past each other
• What is an example of a fault line?

  The San Andreas Fault
• What is the Pacific Ring of Fire known for?

  High volcanic activity
• Where does most volcanic activity occur?

  Around the edge of the Pacific Plate
• What are the types of plate boundaries and their characteristics?

  • Destructive (convergent): Plates collide, crust is destroyed, causes earthquakes and volcanoes.
  • Constructive: Plates separate, new crust is created, causes sea-floor spreading.
  • Passive: Plates slide past each other, no crust is created or destroyed, causes earthquakes.
• What are the impacts of volcanic activity?

  • Positive impacts: Fertile soil, geothermal energy, tourism.
  • Negative impacts: Destruction of property, loss of life, air travel disruption.
• What are the learning intentions regarding volcanic activity?

  • Identify where volcanic activity occurs
  • Describe features of volcanoes
  • Explain types of volcanoes and eruptions
  • Discuss impacts and responses to volcanic hazards
• How do convection currents work in the mantle?

  1. Heated magma rises towards the crust.
  2. Cools and moves sideways, causing friction.
  3. Sinks back down into the mantle.
  4. This process repeats continuously.
• What evidence supports the theory of continental drift?

  • Similar shapes of continents
  • Fossil evidence across continents
  • Geological similarities in rock formations
• What are the features of volcanoes?

  • Crater
  • Vent
  • Magma chamber
  • Lava flow
  • Ash cloud
• What are the different types of volcanic eruptions?

  • Effusive eruptions: Lava flows steadily.
  • Explosive eruptions: Violent release of gas and ash.
  • Phreatomagmatic eruptions: Interaction of water and magma.
• How do people respond to volcanic hazards?

  • Evacuation plans
  • Monitoring volcanic activity
  • Emergency preparedness and education