Fold mountains

• What are fold mountains formed by?

  Collision of two tectonic plates
• What happens when a heavier plate collides with a lighter plate?

  The heavier plate sinks into the mantle
• What occurs to the lighter plate during the collision?

  It buckles upwards to form mountains
• What geological activity can result from the melting of the heavier plate?

  Formation of volcanoes and earthquakes
• Which mountains were formed by the Nazca Plate colliding with the American Plate?

  The Andes mountains
• What happens when two lighter plates collide?

  Both plates buckle upwards
• Which plates are colliding to form the Himalayas?

  The Indo-Australian Plate and Eurasian Plate
• When did the Alpine folding period occur?

  About 30 to 35 million years ago
• What are examples of mountains formed during the Alpine folding period?

  The Alps, Andes, Rockies, Himalayas
• When did the Armorican folding period occur?

  About 250 million years ago
• What are examples of mountains formed during the Armorican folding period?

  MacGillycuddy’s Reeks, Galtee mountains
• When did the Caledonian folding period occur?

  About 400 million years ago
• What are examples of mountains formed during the Caledonian folding period?

  Dublin and Wicklow mountains, Appalachian mountains
• What are the main types of economic activities in mountainous areas?

  • Tourism
  • Farming (cattle and sheep rearing)
  • Forestry
• What attracts people to mountainous areas for tourism?

  Beautiful scenery and outdoor activities
• How does tourism benefit local people in mountainous areas?

  It provides employment opportunities
• What negative impacts can tourism have on mountainous areas?

  Pollution, litter, and avalanches
• What is the main type of farming in mountainous areas?

  Cattle and sheep rearing
• Why is crop farming difficult in mountainous areas?

  Machinery use is challenging on slopes
• What happens to cattle in mountainous areas during summer?

  They are brought to summer pastures
• What is a consequence of cutting down trees in mountainous areas?

  Soil erosion, landslides, and flooding
• What is the highest mountain in Ireland?

  Carrauntoohil at 1,038 m
• What is the highest mountain in the Alps?

  Mont Blanc at 4,810 m
• What is the height difference between Mont Blanc and Carrauntoohil?

  $3,772 \text{ m}$
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of living in mountainous areas?

  Strengths:

  • Beautiful scenery
  • Opportunities for tourism
  • Unique farming practices

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Challenging living conditions
  • Limited agricultural options
  • Risk of natural disasters