Section B: Munich Putsch, early Nazi Party, 1923-29

• the reasons for the munich putsch

  1. Germans mad - the ‘stab in the back’ myth, reparations and the loss of colonies.
  2. Bavarian nationalist state leaders like Gustav von Kahr sympathised with the NSDAP’s right-wing politics.
  3. Hitler influenced by the example of Mussolini’s Fascist party in Italy. Had march on rome in italy, 1922
  4. Hyperinflation peaked in November 1923, the time set for the overthrow of the government to be attempted. putsch = people mad
  5. some Germans believe that the Weimar Republic was weak in the face of provocation, such as the French occupation of the Ruhr in January 1923.
• who were the original key leaders of the munich putsch?

  Gustav von Kahr, Colonel von Seisser and general von Lossow
• what did the original three key leaders of the putsch want to do?


  delay the putsch
• what did hitler do in response and with who's support?

  hitler disagreed and decided to take charge if events himself, with the support of General Ludendorff
• how did hitler take charge of the putsch?

  by interrupting a meeting at which the three men were speaking at a Beer Hall in Munich on the evening of 8 November, 1923. He took Karr, Seisser and Lossow prisoner.
• when did hitler decide to launch his march?

  midday on the 9th of november
• who supported hitler on his march?

  1000 SA members and 2000 locals bribed with from a bank robbery
• who did hitler march alongside with?

  Ludendorff, Goering, Rohm and Streicher.
• what did hitler do when there was no further support from the population?

  he feld the scene, bu then wa arrested on the 11th of november.
• what happened to hitler after the putsch?

  hitler was found guilty in his 1924 trial for treason, and the judge gave him 5 years in prison, of which hitler only served 9 months
• what happened to the NSDAP after the munich putsch?

  it was banned, but that was lifted in february 1925
• what did hitler do in prison?

  wrote mein kampf
• how many seats did the nazis win in their first election in may 1924?

  32 seats
• what was written in mein kampf?

  1. This was Hitler’s autobiography which this while in Landsberg Prison after the Munich Putsch.
  2. He laid out key political ideas, like his very racist views in which he said there was a Jewish conspiracy to undermine the Aryan race,the injustices of the Treaty of Versailles, and more
  3. He said Germany needed a strong leader who would overthrow the democratic system.
  4. He expressed some socialist views, like using wealth to benefit the German people.
  5. He expressed the belief in traditional German values like the importance of clear male and female roles.
• when did hitler relaunch the newly legal NDAP in a munich meeting?

  27 february 1925
• who were appointed to improve organisation and financing of the party?

  A new Party secretary, Philipp Bouhler and Party treasurer, Franz Schwarz
• what was the new women's section called?

  the German's Women Order
• how was the party divided?

  the party was divided into 35 regions, which were each run by a gauleiter.
• what did hitler do to improve party finance?


  link regions to big businesses
• to how many members did the SA grow to by 1930?

  400,000 members
• why did hitler remove rohm as leader of the SA?

  he distrusted the SA's increasing loyalty to rohm
• what was the new bodyguard unit that hitler set up?

  SS (Schutzstaffel)
• who was the SS controlled by in 1926?

  Heinrich Himmier
• when was the bamberg conference?

  1926
• why did hitler call a national party conference in bamberg bavaria?


  to address the growing split between the northern parts of the party, which favoured more socialist policies, and the more rural southern parts, which emphasised the more nationalist elements.
• what caused the northern leader, Joseph Goebbels, to wave and go over to Hitler's side?

  a five hour rant from hitler
• how many members did the nazis have by 1929?

  100,000 members
• what were the results of the may 1928 elections?

  nazis won only 2.6% of the vite and 12 seats. the SPD won 30% of the vote
• who became president of the republic in 1925?

  Paul von Hindenburg