Multi-store Model of Memory

• What are the 3 stores of the multi-store memory model?

  1. sensory register
  2. Short term memory
  3. Long term memory
• What are the features of each store in the multi-store memory model?

  coding,capacity,duration
• What is the coding type for the Sensory register?

  coding is modality specific -> dominated by vision and hearing
• What is the capacity for sensory register?

  unlimited
• What store is hearing categorised as?

  echoic
• what store is sight categorised as?

  iconic
• In the Atkinson and Shiffrin model, what can happen after the sensory register?

  the information can either spontaneously decay or be stored in STM through paying attention
• In the Atkinson and Shiffrin model, what can happen after STM?

  information can either decay/be displaced or be stored in LTM through prolonged rehearsal
• In the Atkinson and Shiffrin model, what can happen after LTM?

  information can either decay or experience retrieval failure (info is still there but there aren't the right cues to access the info), or the information can be stored in STM through retrieval
• What is the capacity of STM?

  7 +- 2 digits
• What is the capacity of LTM?

  potentially unlimited
• What is the evaluation for Sensory Register?

  Crowder (1993) investigated duration of SR:

  • :) information stayed for milliseconds in iconic (visual) but several seconds for echoic (hearing) store
  • :( duration may vary (not always 250ms) for different senses/stores
• What is the evaluation for STM?

  :) Coding - Baddeley (1966)

  :) Capacity - Jacobs (1887) + Miller (1956)

  :) Duration - Peterson + Peterson (1959)

  
  

  :( STM is not unitary -> KF study

  :( alternatives to prolonged rehearsal (Craik + Lockhart, 1972-1995):
• What is the evaluation for LTM?

  :) Coding - Baddeley (1966)

  :) Duration - Bahrick (1975)

  :( LTM is not unitary -> HM + Clive Wearing
• Who investigated the Primary and Recency effect?

  Glanzer + Cunitz (1966)
• What does the Primary & Recency effect suggest?

  we are better able to recall the first few items and last few items in a list, but not the items in the middle
• What was the procedure for the Primary + Recency Effect investigation?

  ->participants listened to a set of 20 random words presented to them orally

  -> participants asked to recall them in any order and the positions of the words remembered are noted