peer review

• What is peer review?

  Assessment of scientific work by experts
• What is the purpose of peer review?

  To ensure high quality, relevant, and accurate research
• Are peer reviewers generally paid?

  No, they are generally unpaid
• What is one purpose of peer review in research funding?

  To determine worthwhile research for funding
• Which public body requires reviews for funding decisions?

  Medical Research Council (MRC)
• How does peer review help in publishing research?

  It prevents incorrect data from public access
• What is assessed in university departments regarding research?

  The quality of their research output
• What does the future funding of university departments depend on?

  Receiving good ratings from the RAE
• Why is psychology under public scrutiny?

  It is judged by its contributions to life quality
• What new solutions are needed for peer review and the internet?

  To maintain the quality of information
• How is information policed on the internet?

  By the wisdom of crowds approach
• How are papers ranked on Philica?

  Based on peer reviews
• What does the term 'peer' imply in the context of peer review?

  It may mean everyone in an egalitarian system
• What is the first step in the peer review process?

  The researcher submits their paper to the editor
• What does the peer assess in the review process?

  Validity, significance, and originality of the work
• What are the possible outcomes for a manuscript after peer review?

  Accept, accept with revisions, or reject
• Who makes the final decision on a manuscript?

  The editor based on reviewers' comments
• What is one advantage of peer review?

  Establishes the validity of scientific research
• How does peer review help guard against fraud?

  By validating scientific research findings
• What is a disadvantage of peer review related to publication bias?

  It favors publication of positive results
• What is the file drawer effect?

  Research with unfavored results is ignored
• What issue arises when finding a peer in new research areas?

  It may be hard to find an expert
• Why is anonymity important in peer review?

  To prevent bias and conflicts of interest
• What is a challenge with maintaining anonymity in peer review?

  Experts and authors may be identifiable
• How can anonymity lead to issues in peer review?

  It allows peers to quash opposing research