the experience of war

Cards (34)

  • What was the period discussed in the study material?
    1600-1700
  • What was the impact of the New Model Army on recruitment?
    It increased professionalism in the army
  • Until what year did the Tudor system of recruitment continue?
    1645
  • What was the basis of the Tudor system of recruitment?
    Statute of Winchester
  • Who had to serve in their local area under the Tudor system?
    All men aged 16 to 60
  • What did men have to provide for their service?
    Their own weapons
  • How often were general musters held for inspection and training?
    Every couple of years
  • Who appointed Lords Lieutenant to command the militia?
    The king
  • When were the Trained Bands set up?
    In 1573
  • What was the purpose of the Trained Bands?
    To meet monthly for training
  • Who trained the Trained Bands?
    Muster Masters
  • What change occurred in the 1690s regarding Muster Masters?
    They were replaced by local gentlemen
  • Why was discipline and training required for new weapons and tactics?
    Hundreds of men needed to act as one
  • What was complicated to load and fire?
    Early muskets
  • How were musketeers trained to fight?
    In rows or ranks
  • What did musketeers need to learn to do with pikemen?
    Work together
  • What were the impacts of warfare on civilians before the Civil Wars?
    • Merchant ships requisitioned for the navy
    • Requisition of horses disrupted businesses
    • Increased taxes and reduced trade
    • Limited damage to civilian property
  • When was the New Model Army raised?
    In 1645
  • What type of army did parliament raise in 1645?
    A national volunteer army
  • What was a key feature of the New Model Army regarding soldiers' pay?
    Regular pay for soldiers
  • How many cavalry were raised from existing forces?
    6000 cavalry
  • What was the daily pay for cavalry soldiers?
    24 pence a day
  • What was the role of cavalry in battle?
    Instrumental in victory
  • How many dragoons were raised from existing forces?
    1000 dragoons
  • How many infantrymen were raised?
    14,400 infantrymen
  • What was the daily pay for infantry soldiers?
    6 pence a day
  • What happened to desertion rates during 1645?
    Desertion rates were high
  • How many men were pressed during 1645?
    14,500 men
  • What did the NMA introduce as a uniform color?
    The red coat
  • Why was the introduction of the red coat significant?
    It reduced confusion on the battlefield
  • What were the impacts of warfare on civilians during the Civil Wars?
    • Continued requisitioning of ships and supplies
    • Common plunder due to lack of pay
    • Free quarter for feeding and housing troops
    • High taxes collected from controlled areas
    • Significant damage to crops and property
  • How many people were made homeless during the Civil Wars?
    At least 55,000 people
  • What was a consequence of sieges during the Civil Wars?
    Caused even more damage
  • What happened to many castles during the Civil Wars?
    They were partially destroyed