changes in weaponry 1700-1850

• What improvements in weaponry occurred between 1700-1900?

  Advancements in science, technology, and industry
• How did improvements in weaponry affect battle strategies?

  They led to new approaches in tactics
• What type of bullets were invented in 1847?

  Minié bullets
• What was the purpose of Minié bullets?

  To make loading easier for rifles
• What was a significant feature of percussion bullets?

  They ended reliance on powder and flint
• How did breech-loading magazines improve rifles?

  They allowed faster reloading of bullets
• What formation did British infantry use at the Battle of Waterloo?

  Squares
• Why was a new defense needed by the Crimean War?

  Due to the increased range and accuracy of rifles
• What was the purpose of trenches in the Crimean War?

  To protect against enemy fire
• How did trenches affect troop movement?

  They allowed safe movement of troops and supplies
• What was the firing rate of Gatling guns?

  150 bullets a minute
• What was a key feature of the Maxim machine gun?

  It could be moved by one man
• When were machine guns introduced to the British army?

  1889
• How did technological advancements affect field guns?

  They made them lighter and more mobile
• Who made thinner and lighter cannon barrels?

  John “Iron-Mad” Wilkinson
• What was the advantage of breech-loading cannon?

  They reloaded five times faster
• What type of shells were in use by 1900?

  Percussion shells filled with chemicals
• What was the impact of smokeless powder?

  It improved aim and concealed positions
• What factors affected changes in weaponry during 1700-1900?

  • Industrialisation: improvements in materials and technology
  • Political attitudes: changes post-French Revolution
  • Social attitudes: conservation, fear, and cost
  • Individuals: contributions from figures like Wellington and Wilkinson
• How did the development of new weapons impact warfare in this period?

  It changed tactics and formations used