Metallic bonding

• What is the model of metallic bonding described as?

  A lattice of positive ions with delocalised electrons
• How can you predict if a substance has metallic bonding?

  If it contains only metallic elements in its name
• What are delocalised electrons in metallic bonding?

  Electrons that can move freely throughout the structure
• What is the nature of the metallic bond?

  A strong electrostatic attraction between positive ions and electrons
• How are positive ions arranged in metallic bonding?

  In a giant lattice structure
• What are the key properties of metals due to metallic bonding?

  • Electrical and thermal conductivity
  • High melting and boiling points
  • Malleability
  • Ductility
• Why do metals conduct electricity and heat?

  Due to delocalised electrons that can move
• What causes the high melting and boiling points of metals?

  Strong electrostatic attractions between ions and electrons
• What does malleability in metals allow them to do?

  Be shaped as layers slide over each other
• How does ductility benefit metals?

  Allows them to be pulled into wires
• What is the melting point of lithium?

  181 °C
• What is the melting point of sodium?

  98 °C
• What is the melting point of potassium?

  63 °C
• What is the melting point of rubidium?

  39 °C
• What is the melting point of beryllium?

  1278 °C
• What is the melting point of magnesium?

  649 °C
• What is the melting point of calcium?

  839 °C
• What is the melting point of strontium?

  769 °C
• What is the melting point of barium?

  729 °C
• How do melting points trend in group 1 and group 2 metals?

  Melting points decrease as atoms get larger
• Why do larger metals have lower melting points?

  More shielding weakens electrostatic attraction
• Why do group 2 metals have higher melting points than group 1 metals?

  Group 2 metals have two delocalised electrons
• What does greater electron density in group 2 metals lead to?

  A stronger electrostatic attraction between ions
• What are the applications of metals in manufacturing?

  • Construction materials
  • Electrical wiring
  • Automotive parts
  • Machinery components