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Warfare 1250-present
Civilian experience of war
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Cards (28)
What increased the impact of war on civilians?
The rising cost and
scale
of
warfare
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How did technology affect social attitudes towards war?
It made the reality of war
clearer
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What were the conditions like in the army during this period?
Poor
at home and
worse
abroad
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Why was the army under strength during this period?
Due to a lack of
recruits
and
desertion
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How did soldiers have to manage their pay?
Pay was less than a
labourer's
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What expenses did soldiers have to cover?
Food, accommodation, and
equipment
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What was lacking for soldiers between 1700 and 1800?
No
army barracks
for soldiers
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What problems did towns face due to soldiers?
Disturbances
and disrupted trade
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What did the 1757 Militia Act provoke?
Riots due to serving
abroad
rumors
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How did newspaper reporting change from 1815 to 1850?
Sales increased from
5,000
to
40,000
copies
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What role did steam trains play in newspaper distribution?
They
distributed
national
and
provincial papers
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Who was William Howard Russell?
A journalist for *The Times* during the
Crimea
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How quickly did Russell send dispatches from the Crimea?
In
five
hours
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How many journalists were sent to the Boer War?
300
journalists
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What was the impact of films showing the Boer War?
They allowed non-readers to follow the
news
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What were the requisitioning practices in 1700?
Relied
on
requisitioning
wagons
and
animals
Had
no
transport
of its
own
Ships
were
requisitioned
during
wartime
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How much did the army cost in 1700?
About
£1 million
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What was the cost of the army in the mid-18th century?
About
£5 million
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How did the burden of army costs change with population growth?
It became
relatively small
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How much did wartime taxes rise during the wars against France?
Cost around
£25 million
a year
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What developments occurred in requisitioning by 1855 and 1888?
1855:
Land Transport Corps
created
1888:
Army Service Corps
established
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What impact did Roger Fenton's photographs have?
They influenced
public opinion
on war conditions
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What were the societal attitudes towards war during this period?
Jingoism
and
imperialism
from successes
Some turned to
pacifism
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What concerns arose from the Boer War regarding recruits?
Quality
of recruits due to army performance
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How much did *The Times* fund for sick and wounded soldiers raise?
£5,000
in a week
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What is the equivalent of £5,000 today?
£3 million
today
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Who took the photograph of the Camp of the 5th Dragoon Guards?
Roger Fenton
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What conditions were depicted in Fenton's photographs?
Harsh
winter conditions for soldiers
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