Monarchy Restoration

• When did Charles II land at Dover to claim his throne?

  25th of May 1660
• Why was Charles II's succession considered no ordinary event?

  He spent nine years in exile.
• What type of government existed in England before Charles II's return?

  A republic
• What happened to Charles I during the civil war?

  He was put on trial and executed.
• When was Charles I executed?

  30th of January 1649
• What did the Convention Parliament declare about Charles II?

  He was king since his father's execution.
• What challenges did Charles II face during the 1660s?

  Plague, fire, and war with the Dutch
• What was believed to be a sign of God's displeasure during Charles II's reign?

  The king's serial adultery
• What was the significance of Charles II's coronation on 23rd April 1661?

  It reinforced his legitimacy and right to rule.
• Where did Charles II's coronation take place?

  Westminster Abbey
• What did Charles II insist on for his coronation ceremony?

  Following every known ancient practice
• How did Charles II's portrait by John Michael Wright serve a purpose?

  It depicted the king's authority and legitimacy.
• What type of entertainment returned to court life in 1674?

  Plays and reenactments
• Who was the illegitimate son of Charles II involved in a military reenactment?

  The Duke of Monmouth
• What was the purpose of the reenactment of the siege of Maastricht?

  To entertain and celebrate military exploits
• What disease was believed to be cured by the king's touch?

  Scrofula
• How many individuals did Charles II reportedly touch for healing?

  Around 100,000 individuals
• How did Windsor Castle reflect Charles II's authority?

  Through formality and controlled access
• Who could attend the court at Windsor Castle?

  Gentlemen of quality and nobility's wives
• What was the king's guard chamber used for?

  Housing the king's personal bodyguard
• What was the purpose of the king's drawing room?

  Where the court assembled to speak to the king
• What was the significance of the king's bedchamber?

  Only important guests were admitted
• How was Charles II perceived in terms of accessibility?

  He was one of the most accessible monarchs.
• What characterized the decoration of royal apartments at Windsor?

  Lavish decorations with oak and tapestries
• Who painted the ceilings at Windsor Castle?

  Vario
• What was the fate of many artworks after the civil war?

  They were sold off to fund the navy.
• How did Charles II restore the royal collection of art?

  By retrieving items and legal measures
• What was the purpose of popular artworks bearing the king's image?

  To demonstrate cultural refinement and taste
• What was George's Hall designed to be?

  A colossal throne room
• How did Charles II use the Order of the Garter?

  To encourage loyalty and political favor
• What architectural legacy did Charles II leave after the fire of London?

  He initiated numerous building projects.
• What was the cost of the completed work at Windsor?

  More than 200,000 pounds
• What was the outcome of the Exclusion Crisis for Charles II?

  He successfully maintained the line of succession.
• How did Charles II portray the Whigs during the Exclusion Crisis?

  As dangerous republican rebels
• When did Charles II die?

  8th of February 1685
• What was a significant achievement of Charles II's reign?

  He held onto his throne and prospered.
• How did Charles II's early reign compare to his later achievements?

  He overcame early crises to prosper.