Computer Science GCSE

• What are logical operators sometimes called?

  Boolean operators
• What is the purpose of logical operators?

  To make decisions in groups
• What does the 'and' operator require to return true?

  Both sides must be true
• What does the 'or' operator require to return true?

  One side must be true
• What does the 'not' operator do?

  Inverts the result
• How are logical operators used in programming?

  • Used with selection (if...elif...else)
  • Used with repetition (while)
  • Control program execution based on tests
• What does the example program demonstrate about logical operators?

  It shows output, not a solution
• What must be true for both sides of the 'and' operator?

  Both sides must be true
• What happens if both sides of the 'or' operator are false?

  It returns false
• How does 'not' affect a true test?

  It becomes false
• What is a subprogram?

  A self-contained sequence of instructions
• What is a function in programming?

  A subprogram that returns a value
• What is a procedure in programming?

  A subprogram that does not return a value
• What are parameters in a subprogram?

  Placeholders in the subprogram's definition
• What are arguments in a subprogram?

  Values passed to a subprogram
• What are built-in subprograms in Python?

  • Provided in Python
  • Perform commonly used tasks
  • Include data type conversion and input
• What are library subprograms?

  • Grouped together in libraries
  • Require importing into programs
  • Examples include 'random', 'math', 'turtle'
• What is the purpose of the 'random' library?

  To generate random numbers
• What does the program example require you to do with random numbers?

  Generate and manipulate random real numbers
• What is the purpose of a function in programming?

  To perform specific tasks and return values
• What is good practice when naming parameters?

  Start with 'p' to avoid confusion
• How can functions be called?

  From the main program or other subprograms
• What must a program do to calculate the area of a rectangle?

  Accept length and width from the user
• What does a procedure do in programming?

  Performs a task without returning a value
• How can procedures be called?

  From the main program or other subprograms
• What is the purpose of the turtle graphics procedure?

  To draw shapes on the screen
• What is the difference between local and global variables?

  Local variables are accessible only in their subprogram
• What does local scope describe?

  Only a single subprogram
• What does global scope describe?

  The entire executing program
• How does variable accessibility work in programming?

  Local scope is checked before global scope
• What is the purpose of decomposition in programming?

  To break down problems into smaller parts
• How do subprograms help in programming?

  They simplify design and debugging
• What is an algorithm?

  A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem
• What is the purpose of a flowchart in programming?

  To visually represent an algorithm
• What does a selection algorithm do?

  Determines which path to take based on conditions
• What does a repetition algorithm do?

  Repeats actions based on conditions
• What is an array in programming?

  A collection of items stored at contiguous memory locations
• What is the purpose of a loop in programming?

  To execute a block of code multiple times
• What is the significance of variable names in programming?

  They indicate what the variable holds
• What is the purpose of using meaningful variable names?

  To improve code readability and maintainability