Matertial dep.

• Many other sociologists see material deprivation as the main cause of underachievement. The term 'material deprivation' refers to poverty and a lack of material necessities such as adequate housing and income
• According to the Department for Education (2012), barely a third of pupils eligible for free school meals - a widely used measure of child poverty - achieve five or more GCSEs at A*-C including english and maths, as against nearly two thirds of other pupils
• According to Jan Flaherty (2004), money problems in the family are significant factor in younger children's non-attendance at school
• Exclusion and truancy are more likely for children from poorer families. Children excluded from school are unlikely to return to mainstream education, while a third of all persistent truants leave school with no qualifications
• Nearly 90% of 'failing' schools are located in deprived areas