Geog natural hazards

• What are the three factors that affect hazard risk?

  Vulnerability-the more people there are the greater number of people affected

  Capacity to cope- Flr example HIC’s can afford flood defences and evacuation.

  Nature of hazard- Some hazards are more powerful than others
• What is a natural hazard?

  A natural process causing potential harm
• What distinguishes a natural disaster from a natural hazard?

  A natural disaster has actually occurred
• What is an example of an extreme event not counted as a hazard?

  A drought in an uninhabited desert
• What are the two main types of natural hazards?

  • Geological Hazards
  • Meteorological Hazards
• What causes geological hazards?

  Land and tectonic processes
• What are examples of geological hazards?

  Volcanoes and earthquakes
• What causes meteorological hazards?

  Weather and climate
• What are examples of meteorological hazards?

  Tropical storms and heatwaves
• What is hazard risk?

  The probability of being affected by a hazard
• How does vulnerability affect hazard risk?

  More people increase the probability of impact
• Why is Bangladesh vulnerable to flooding?

  High population density on flood plains
• Why is Naples, Italy vulnerable to volcanic eruptions?

  It is located at the base of a volcano
• How does the type of natural hazard affect risk?

  Some hazards can be predicted, others cannot
• How does frequency affect hazard risk?

  More frequent hazards may carry higher risk
• How does magnitude influence the effects of natural hazards?

  More severe hazards tend to have greater effects
• What was the magnitude of the 2011 Japan earthquake?

  9.0
• How many people died in the 2011 Japan earthquake?

  Over 15,000
• How many people died in the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake?

  Around 300
• How does a population's capacity to cope affect hazard risk?

  Better coping lowers the risk of severe effects
• Why are higher income countries better able to cope with flooding?

  They can afford flood defenses and evacuations
• What factors can affect hazard risk from natural hazards?

  Vulnerability, nature of hazards, capacity to cope
• What are the primary effects of natural disasters?

  Immediate impacts caused by the hazard itself
• How do earthquakes affect buildings?

  They can destroy buildings and roads
• What can happen to people during natural disasters?

  People can be injured or killed
• What happens to crops and water supplies during natural disasters?

  Crops and water supplies can be damaged or contaminated
• What infrastructure can be damaged by natural disasters?

  Electricity cables, gas pipes, and communication networks
• What are secondary effects of natural disasters?

  Effects that happen later due to primary effects
• What can earthquakes trigger?

  Tsunamis
• How can blocked roads affect emergency responses?

  They can prevent aid and emergency vehicles from getting through
• What health risk increases due to a shortage of clean water?

  Spread of disease
• What can cause food shortages after a natural disaster?

  Damaged crops, killed livestock, or blocked supply lines
• How can a natural disaster affect a country's economy?

  It can weaken the economy and cause unemployment
• What are the immediate responses to natural disasters?

  • Evacuate people
  • Treat the injured
  • Recover dead bodies
  • Provide temporary supplies
  • Provide food, drink, and shelter
  • Send aid from foreign governments or charities
• What are the long-term responses to natural disasters?

  • Repair homes and rehouse people
  • Repair or rebuild infrastructure
  • Reconnect utilities
  • Improve forecasting and evacuation plans
  • Enhance building regulations
  • Boost economic recovery
• What is one immediate response to a natural disaster?

  Evacuate people
• What is one long-term response to a natural disaster?

  Repair or rebuild infrastructure
• Why is it important to recover dead bodies after a disaster?

  To prevent disease spreading
• What is the purpose of improving building regulations after a disaster?

  To withstand similar hazards in the future
• How do immediate responses differ from long-term responses to natural disasters?

  Immediate responses address urgent needs, long-term responses focus on recovery