Cracking

• What is meant by cracking in chemistry?

  Breaking down long chain hydrocarbons
• What are the conditions for cracking?

  High temperature and a catalyst or steam
• What is an alkene?

  A hydrocarbon with a double bond
• How do you test for alkenes?

  Using bromine water that turns colorless
• What is the general formula for alkanes?

  $C_nH_{2n+2}$
• Why are long chain hydrocarbons not good fuels?

  They are not very flammable
• What is the purpose of cracking?

  To convert long chain hydrocarbons into shorter ones
• What is the structure of an alkane?

  Single covalent bonds between carbon atoms
• How does catalytic cracking differ from steam cracking?

  Catalytic uses a catalyst, steam uses steam
• What is the name of the alkene shown in the video?

  Ethene
• Why are alkenes considered more reactive than alkanes?

  Due to the presence of a double bond
• How many carbon atoms are in the second product of the cracking reaction?

  5 carbon atoms
• How many hydrogen atoms are in the second product of the cracking reaction?

  10 hydrogen atoms
• How do you balance a cracking equation?

  Ensure carbon and hydrogen atoms are equal
• How many carbon atoms are in the first product of the reaction?

  33 carbon atoms
• How many hydrogen atoms are in the first product of the reaction?

  68 hydrogen atoms
• What are the uses of alkenes?

  • Used to make polymers
  • Starting material for other chemicals
• What are the key features of alkanes?

  • General formula: $C_nH_{2n+2}$
  • Only single covalent bonds
• What happens to bromine water when it reacts with an alkene?

  • Bromine water turns colorless
• What is the process of cracking used for?

  • To produce shorter chain hydrocarbons
  • To meet fuel demand