Env Sci; Reservoirs

• What is the definition of a reservoir?

  A large body of water with a dam
• What is the primary purpose of a reservoir?

  To store water for public use
• How does a reservoir help during water shortages?

  It stores surplus water for later use
• What factors must be considered when placing a reservoir?

  Precipitation, topography, and geology
• Why is high precipitation important for a reservoir?

  It allows the reservoir to refill naturally
• What topographical features are ideal for a reservoir?

  Large volume and small surface area
• Why is a narrowed area important for dam construction?

  It allows for effective dam building
• What geological condition is necessary for a reservoir?

  Stable geology with no fault lines
• Why should the rock forming the basin be impermeable?

  To prevent water from infiltrating the ground
• What is a catchment area?

  An area where water runs into the reservoir
• Why is a low evaporation rate desirable for a reservoir?

  It maintains the water supply effectively
• What land use conflicts should be avoided when selecting a reservoir site?

  Agricultural use and existing forests
• Why is proximity to consumers important for a reservoir?

  It reduces the need for costly infrastructure
• What is a risk associated with reservoir water?

  Pollution from nearby crop farms
• What are the environmental impacts of building a dam?

  Noise pollution, dust pollution, and habitat destruction
• What happens to habitats when a reservoir is created?

  Previous habitats are flooded and destroyed
• What new habitat can be created by flooding?

  A wetland habitat for rare species
• How does a dam affect migratory species?

  It acts as a barrier to their movement
• What is the effect of still water in a reservoir on organic matter?

  It causes sedimentation of nutrients
• What is a consequence of aerobic decomposition in reservoirs?

  Lower dissolved oxygen content in water
• How do reservoirs create microclimates?

  By stabilizing temperatures around the water
• What effect does water's high specific heat capacity have?

  It buffers temperature changes around the reservoir
• What happens to wind velocity around a reservoir?

  It increases due to less friction
• What are the effects of evaporation from a reservoir?

  Increased humidity, precipitation, and cloud cover
• What is a salmon cannon used for?

  To help migratory species bypass dams
• How can dust pollution from mining be reduced?

  By using water sprays to settle dust
• What structure can be used to reduce noise pollution?

  Baffle mounds that absorb sound
• How can acid mine drainage be neutralized?

  By using an alkali to adjust pH
• What should be done with species at risk during flooding?

  Relocate them to suitable habitats
• What is the purpose of designating wetland sites as protected areas?

  To prevent damaging activities from harming them