Social psychology

• What is the main conflict highlighted in the study?

  Obeying authority vs. causing harm
• What inspired Milgram's study on obedience?

  Events from World War II
• What does Milgram's situational hypothesis suggest?

  Obedience is shaped by the environment
• What is the Agentic Theory proposed by Milgram?

  Obedience as a social phenomenon under authority
• What was the aim of Milgram's study?

  To investigate obedience to authority figures
• What was the sample size and demographic in Milgram's study?

  40 American men aged 20–50
• How were participants recruited for Milgram's study?

  Via an advert in a newspaper or letter
• Where was Milgram's study conducted?

  Yale University
• What roles were assigned to participants in Milgram's study?

  Teacher and learner roles were rigged
• What was the range of shock levels in Milgram's experiment?

  15V to 450V
• What was the purpose of the real 45V shock given to participants?

  To enhance the authenticity of the experiment
• What happened at 300V and 315V during the experiment?

  The learner banged on the wall and then went silent
• What verbal prods did the experimenter use to encourage obedience?

  “Please continue” and similar phrases
• What percentage of participants gave shocks up to 300V?

  100%
• What percentage of participants delivered the maximum shock of 450V?

  65%
• What signs of stress did participants show during Milgram's experiment?

  Sweating, trembling, and nervous laughter
• What were the conclusions of Milgram's study?

  People obey authority even to harm others
• What situational factors influenced obedience in Milgram's study?

  Yale's prestige and environment
• What were the independent and dependent variables in Milgram's study?

  IV: Presence of Authority; DV: Shock level
• What type of study design was used in Milgram's experiment?

  Independent measures design
• What sampling method was used in Milgram's study?

  Self-selected (volunteer) sampling
• What was the aim of Bocchiaro's study?

  To investigate obedience and whistleblowing
• What is a whistleblower?

  Someone who exposes unethical activities
• What was the sample size and demographic in Bocchiaro's study?

  149 students from VU University
• How were participants recruited for Bocchiaro's study?

  Via flyers in the university cafeteria
• What was the procedure for Bocchiaro's study?

  Participants wrote a persuasive statement
• What was the total duration of Bocchiaro's procedure?

  40 minutes
• What percentage of participants obeyed in Bocchiaro's study?

  76.5%
• What percentage of participants whistleblew in Bocchiaro's study?

  9.4%
• How did obedient participants justify their actions in Bocchiaro's study?

  “It was expected of me.”
• What was the conclusion regarding personality traits in Bocchiaro's study?

  Faith linked to whistleblowing, not traits
• What does the term 'diffusion of responsibility' refer to?

  People won't help if many bystanders are present
• What incident exemplified the bystander effect?

  Kitty Genovese's murder in New York
• What is altruism?

  True helping without expecting anything
• What was the aim of Piliavin's study?

  To examine victim type and bystander effects
• What was the sample size in Piliavin's study?

  4,450 people observed
• What were the two types of victims in Piliavin's study?

  Drunk and ill victims
• What was the setting of Piliavin's study?

  8th Avenue subway line
• How did the model's intervention vary in Piliavin's study?

  Intervened early, late, or not at all
• What percentage of help did the ill victim receive in Piliavin's study?

  95%