Key Question
Cards (9)
- What is your COG key question?How can knowledge of working memory be used to inform treatment of dyslexia?
- what is dyslexiaa general term for disorders that involve difficulty in learning to read or interpret words, letters, and other symbols, but that do not affect general intelligence
- How many people in the UK are affected by dyslexia1 in 10
- Key Points
- dyslexia is a specific learning difficulty
- dyslexia affects the way information is processed, stored and retrieved
- specifically focussed around reduced phonological capacity
- Strategies used in the classroom to help children with dyslexia include:
- clearly stating lesson aims
- using checklists
- simplifying instructions
- highlighting or colour coding information
- using audio and visual materials
- avoiding asking a child to read out loud
- Because dyslexia is also associated with slower processing speeds, avoiding lengthy periods of teacher talking and using alternative delivery methods can work better to prevent phonological loop overload.
- Forms of dyslexia
- Not having a dominant eye -> makes words move on the page
- Right hemisphere -> use the frontal lobe of right hemisphere so takes longer for sounds to reach the left hemisphere Broca area
- Shallow phonological store -> people are unable to hold the start and end of long sentences, so when reading sounds at the start are displaced by sounds at the end-> Slower reading and writing
- Indirect intervention (dyslexia)
- Colour coded words
- Teachers pausing and using short sentences
- Using dual coding to utilise the PL and the VSSP
- Direct intervention (dyslexia)
- Targeting and training working memory function directly:
- N-back - A computer programme where people hold a picture and a sound in their head and press a button if it matches the one shown
- Memory games like go fish
- Snowling and Hulme (2011) dyslexiaChildren should have targeted training in phonological awareness, letter sound recognition and practice in reading and writing