Nutrition

• What is the aim of the session on nutritional status?

  To consider life course approach to nutrition
• Why is diet quality and quantity important throughout the life course?

  It maintains physiological function
• What chronic diseases are influenced by diet?

  Heart disease, cancers, type 2 diabetes
• What influences the quality and quantity of nutrition?

  A broad spectrum of factors
• What does a life course approach to nutrition entail?

  • Considers nutrition across different life stages
  • Identifies relevant phases for dietary needs
  • Evaluates usefulness in addressing nutritional issues
• What is a "balanced diet"?

  A diet that meets nutritional needs
• How can someone achieve a balanced diet?

  By consuming a variety of foods
• What is the supply and demand model in nutrition?

  Nutrient supply equals nutrient demand
• What determines dietary balance?

  When nutrient supply matches demand
• What can overnutrition lead to?

  Marked impact on health, like obesity
• What percentage of children are classified as underweight?

  1.2%
• What percentage of children are classified as obese in Year 6?

  22.7%
• What is a common cause of undernutrition?

  Inadequate intakes of nutrients
• What can lead to micronutrient overnutrition?

  Excessive supplement use
• What are symptoms of selenium toxicity?

  Fingernail loss, hair loss, skin rash
• What is the definition of malnutrition?

  A change in nutritional status causing illness
• What does poor nutritional status typically indicate?

  Insufficient intakes for requirements
• How does nutritional status relate to dietary intake?

  It reflects health in relation to intake
• What factors influence nutritional status?

  Health status and physical activity levels
• What are the strategies for assessing nutritional status?

  • Dietary assessments
  • Clinical methods
  • Biochemical methods
  • Anthropometry
• Why is nutritional status assessed?

  To determine disease risk and develop policies
• What is the first step in dietary assessment?

  Collecting information on food intake
• What is the relationship between nutritional status and health?

  Nutritional status reflects health related to diet
• What happens during periods of starvation?

  Energy conservation through metabolic efficiency
• What is the impact of physiological stresses on nutritional status?

  Increased demand for nutrients
• What is the effect of decreased Basal Metabolic Rate?

  Survive longer on less energy
• What physiological stresses can affect nutritional status?

  Infection, burns, and injuries
• What happens during a hypermetabolic state?

  Mobilization of fat and protein reserves
• What are the two ways to measure nutritional status?

  Nutritional intake and physiological manifestations
• What are the categories of nutritional assessment strategies?

  • Dietary assessments
  • Clinical methods
  • Biochemical methods
  • Anthropometry
• What are the key questions in dietary assessments?

  What, when, and how much?
• Why do public health nutritionists assess population nutritional status?

  To determine disease risk and develop policies
• What is the purpose of assessing nutritional status?

  To identify deficiencies or excesses in nutrition
• What is involved in dietary assessment collection methods?

  • Collecting all food and drink details
  • Recording portion sizes over time
  • Data manipulation and food composition analysis
• What factors can introduce errors in dietary assessment methods?

  Participant, interviewer, and data administrator errors
• What are the types of dietary assessment methods?

  • Weighed food diary
  • Estimated food diary
  • Duplicate food diary
  • 24-hour recall
  • Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ)
• What main factors should be considered when selecting a dietary assessment tool?

  Objective, dietary outcomes, and available resources
• What is the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS)?


  A survey collecting dietary intake data

  
• How many individuals does the NDNS survey annually?

  1,000 to 1,500 individuals
• What type of data does the NDNS examine?

  Nutritional status and dietary habits