Inorganic ions

• Ions are particles with an electric charge , positive or negative
• cations are positive ions
• anions are negative ions
• An organic ion contains carbon
• An inorganic ion does not contain carbon
• Inorganic ions can be found in the cytoplasm and bodily fluids
• ion can be found in high or low concentrations
• Ion levels are regulated through organs . E.g the kidney
• Four inorganic ions :

  
  

  1. iron
  2. hydrogen
  3. sodium
  4. phosphate
• Iron is for oxygen transport in haemoglobin
• Hydrogen is for maintaining pH and aerobic respiration
• Sodium is for the nervous system , the communication between neurones
• Sodium also helps molecules cross the cell membrane through co-transport
• Phosphate ions are used to make ATP and phospholipids and is a component of the cell membrane
• a water molecule is a polar molecule because O is more electronegative than H
• water enables organisms to avoid fluctuations in core temperature
• hydrogen ions in the body interact with H-bonds & ionic bonds in tertiary structure of proteins which can cause them to denature
• iron ions in the body bonds o porphyrin ring to for the haem group in haemoglobin
• sodium ions in the body are involved in co-transport for absorption of glucose and amino acids in lumen of gut
• phosphate ions in the body :

  DNA and ATP