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Psychology
Research Methods
Sampling Methods
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Created by
Emily
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Cards (12)
Random sampling
Gives each member of the
population
an
equal
chance of being selected
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Stratified sampling
Creating a sample that's
similar
to your
target
population by using
percentages
-> percentage in the
sample
is the same as the entire
population
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Opportunity sampling
Sampling whoever is around at the time ->
nearest
and most
convenient
people that are
willing
to take part
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Volunteer sampling
Having people
volunteer
to take part in the experiment
-> putting up a
poster
/advert asking for ppts to
self-select
themselves and take part in your
research
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Strengths of random sampling
All members have an
equal
chance
of being selected
quick
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Weaknesses of random sampling
may have more of a
minority
group and thus not be
representative
of the wider population
had to
recreate
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Strengths of stratified sampling
Sample is spread
evenly
throughout
groups
in the population -> accurate
representation
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Weaknesses of stratified sampling
Can be very
time
consuming
categories have to be
identified
and
calculated
-> not easy to
categorise
people, may ignore important
strata
requires
details
from the population
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Strengths of opportunity sampling
Easiest
and most
convenient
method
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Weaknesses of opportunity sampling
Unrepresentative
, sample is drawn from a
small
population
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Strengths of volunteer sampling
ppts less likely to
drop
out
(committed)
ppts are willing to
partake
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Weaknesses of volunteer sampling
Only tend to attract outgoing people with an interest in
research
-> only get results from those who
volunteer
, which may not be
representative
of the
larger
population
factors may affect who
takes
part
may not get
high
enough
numbers
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