Cards (22)

  • What are lipids commonly known as?
    Fats or oils
  • Where are lipids found?
    In all cells
  • How do lipids differ from proteins and carbohydrates?
    They are not polymers formed from monomers
  • What do all lipids contain?

    Hydrocarbons
  • What are the two types of lipids mentioned?
    Triglycerides and phospholipids
  • What is the structure of triglycerides?
    One glycerol and three fatty acids
  • What characteristic do fatty acid tails have?
    They are hydrophobic
  • What do all fatty acids consist of?
    The same basic structure
  • What distinguishes saturated fatty acids from unsaturated fatty acids?
    Saturated have no double bonds; unsaturated do
  • What is formed during triglyceride formation?
    An ester bond
  • What is released during the formation of triglycerides?
    A molecule of water
  • What is the role of phospholipids in cell membranes?
    They make up the bilayer of membranes
  • How do phospholipids arrange themselves in water?
    Heads face water; tails face inward
  • What does the emulsion test indicate?
    The presence of lipids
  • What are the properties of triglycerides and phospholipids related to their structures?
    • Triglycerides:
    • Energy storage molecules
    • Insoluble in water
    • Contain long hydrocarbon tails
    • Phospholipids:
    • Form bilayer in cell membranes
    • Hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails
  • Why are triglycerides good for energy storage?
    They contain lots of chemical energy
  • How do triglycerides affect water potential in cells?
    They don't affect water potential
  • How does the structure of phospholipids contribute to their function in cell membranes?
    Hydrophilic heads face water; tails repel it
  • What happens to the color of the solution in the emulsion test if lipids are present?
    It turns milky
  • What does the presence of more lipids indicate in the emulsion test?
    More noticeable milky color
  • What is the main function of phospholipids in cell membranes?
    Control what enters and leaves the cell
  • What is the significance of the hydrophobic center of the phospholipid bilayer?
    It prevents water-soluble substances from passing