urban- rio

• International importance


  Hosted Olympics and World Cup as well as home to one of the 7 wonders of the world - Christ the Redeemer.
• What are Favelas?


  Slum homes made by the people who live in them often on illegal and inhospitable land.
• Why can't they provide services to Favelas?

  The land is steep so it is hard to build roads, schools etc.

  Crowded and narrow streets mean bin lorries can't get in and crime is high.
• What are self help schemes?

  The government provide building materials for the community to use to rebuild their homes. This makes them safer and can provide sanitation.
• Evaluate self help schemes

  They are good as homes with sanitation will mean people are less likely to get sick so can go to work and get paid. The government also save money so they can reinvest their savings. But it does not mean everyone in the favelas will get access to it.
• What is a social challenge to do with education?

  50% of children at the age of 14 drop out as they cannot afford to continue school or are needed to work to add to the family income.
• What is a social challenge to do with health care?

  55% of people have access to a health clinic which results in a low life expectancy (45years old) in the Favelas. People cannot get medical treatment so are too poorly to work so do not get paid.
• What is a social opportunity to improve health?

  Medical staff take their kits into the favelas and are able to detect 20 difference diseases and treat them. But there are over 200'000 living in Rochina so it may not help everyone.
• What is an informal job?

  A job that gives irregular and low pay. They do not provide sick pay. The person does not pay tax so the government do not benefit.
• What is the unemployment rate in Rio?

  20%
• How will the UPPS (pacifying police units) provide economic opportunities?

  They will reduce gangs power which means there will be less crime. This means people will not be too scared to go to work or school helping them earn more and legal money.
• Evaluate the schools of tomorrow programme.

  Youth from poorest favelas will get free education to help them learn to read and write. This should enable them to get a good formal job in the future and break the poverty cycle. But it does not guarantee them a job as 20% unemployment rate.
• What environmental challenges are there?

  Car ownership has increased by 40% so more air pollution.

  200 tonnes of sewage flows into the bay from the Favelas.
• What is an environmental opportunity?

  They have added toll roads and made the coastal road one way to reduce traffic congestion and therefore air pollution. They have also created 12 new sewage works to reduce water pollution.