the evolution of the atmosphere

Cards (20)

  • What is the composition of the Earth's atmosphere?
    About 80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen
  • What gases make up less than one percent of the Earth's atmosphere?
    Carbon dioxide, water vapor, noble gases
  • What role did volcanic activity play in the early atmosphere?
    It created a carbon dioxide-rich atmosphere
  • What organisms helped reduce carbon dioxide and increase oxygen?
    Algae and green plants
  • Why is the evolution of the atmosphere considered a theory?
    It is supported by evidence but not definitive
  • How long has the Earth existed?
    About 4.6 billion years
  • What was the early atmosphere mostly composed of?
    Mostly carbon dioxide
  • What happened as water vapor condensed in the early atmosphere?
    It formed oceans that dissolved carbon dioxide
  • How did algae and plants affect atmospheric composition over time?
    They decreased carbon dioxide and increased oxygen
  • What process do algae and green plants use to produce oxygen?
    Photosynthesis
  • What happens to algae and plants when they die?
    They become buried and form sedimentary rock
  • What types of fossil fuels are formed from dead plankton?
    Crude oil and natural gas
  • What is coal primarily made from?
    Thick deposits of dead plant material
  • What is limestone mostly composed of?
    Calcium carbonate from marine organisms
  • What are the major changes in Earth's atmosphere over billions of years?
    • Intense volcanic activity produced carbon dioxide
    • Water vapor condensed to form oceans
    • Algae and plants evolved, reducing CO2 and increasing O2
    • Sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels formed from dead organisms
  • What is the significance of sedimentary rock and fossil fuels in relation to the atmosphere?
    They trap carbon and prevent it from re-entering
  • What is the current major composition of the Earth's atmosphere?
    Mostly oxygen and nitrogen
  • What allowed more complex life forms to evolve?
    Increased oxygen levels in the atmosphere
  • What is the time frame for the evolution of algae and green plants?
    About 2.7 billion years ago
  • What is the relationship between photosynthesis and atmospheric gases?
    Photosynthesis consumes CO2 and produces O2