Humanistic Psychology

• What does humanistic psychology claim about human beings?

  They are self-determining and have free will
• What is free will in humanistic psychology?

  The ability to make choices in actions
• What does self-actualization refer to?

  The desire to fulfill one's full potential
• What is required for a person to progress through the hierarchy of needs?

  The current need in the sequence must be met
• What is the definition of self-concept?

  • How an individual perceives themselves
  • Includes values, beliefs, and personality traits
• What are the components of self-concept?

  Self-concept, ideal self, real self
• How does the ideal self differ from the real self?

  The ideal self is who you aspire to be
• What influences the development of self-concept?

  Childhood experiences and social interactions
• What is congruence in humanistic psychology?

  The alignment between self-concept and ideal self
• How does high congruence affect mental health?

  It leads to greater psychological well-being
• What is the effect of incongruence?

  It causes anxiety and psychological distress
• What role does therapy play in addressing incongruence?

  It helps individuals accept themselves and bridge gaps
• What are conditions of worth?

  Requirements placed on individuals by others
• How do conditions of worth develop?

  From conditional positive regard in childhood
• What are the effects of conditions of worth?

  They lead to incongruence and self-criticism
• Who proposed the concept of self and conditions of worth?

  Carl Rogers
• What is unconditional positive regard?

  Accepting someone without judgment
• What is the aim of client-centered therapy?

  To promote self-acceptance and congruence
• How does Rogers' approach differ from Freud's?

  Focuses on positive aspects of the person
• What is phenomenology in counseling psychology?

  • Mapping out goals and milestones
  • Represents the idiographic approach
• What is the goal of client-centered therapy according to Rogers?

  To reduce the gap between real and ideal self
• What did Rogers provide as a therapist?

  Unconditional positive regard to clients
• What are the strengths of the humanistic approach?

  • Rejects reductionism
  • Advocates for holism
  • Considers meaningful human behavior
• How does the humanistic approach improve validity?

  By considering the whole person in context
• What is a criticism of humanistic psychology regarding empirical evidence?

  It lacks concepts that can be measured
• What is the perspective of humanistic psychologists on human nature?

  • Optimistic view of human condition
  • Belief in potential for growth
  • Contrast with psychodynamic views
• What cultural bias exists in humanistic psychology?

  Focus on individualism over collectivism
• How does cultural context affect humanistic psychology's application?

  It may not apply universally across cultures