dev- india

• india


  located in south asia, borders pakistan and sri lanka
• cause of global inequalities

  - if a country is landlocked it cannot trade as easily

  - a countries weather/climate makes it easier/harder to grow crops
• why is GDP lower/higher in areas

  -job oppurtunites, means more educated people move to the area and area gains more money, increases services, gdp increases

  -fdi investment in areas increase services - gdp increases
• GDP (Gross Domestic Product)

  sum of all goods/services produced by a country per year
• HDI (Human Development Index)

  a measure of a country's standard of living, including health and education

  -life expectancy, GNI, and mean years of schooling
• top down advantages


  - more money for the strategy

  - Government has political power to make landowners sell their land for developments
• top down disadvantages


  - corrupt

  - less targeted to local peoples needs
• bottom up advantages


  - Target specific needs of particular communities

  - can gain more support
• bottom up disadvantages


  - don't always have enough money/funding

  - doesn't fix city wide problems
• factors affecting development


  -economic - job opportunities/investment

  -social - healthcare/education/infrastructure

  -technological - access to internet
• impact of uneven development

  -food/water security

  -big poverty gap

  -people left without houses
• Causes of uneven development within a country

  -job opportunities

  -fdi investment

  -infrastructure
• causes of uneven development between countries

  - lack of investment in education, colonialism has hindered development and wars in the past

  - lack of natural resources find it hard to create products that can be sold on world markets

  - landlocked with bad neighbours who expect large payments and have regular conflict hinders development
• impacts of rapid development in India - positive

  -HDI increased from 0.427-0.640 - literacy rate increased, better education, higher skilled/paid jobs

  -GDP increased to 69.3% - more services/goods
• impacts of rapid development on india - negative

  -4 in 10 exposed to 5 safe amount of particulate matter, decrease life expectancy by 3.2 years, lowers HDI, less people in work

  -14000 sq km trees cut - reduces biodiversity, increases flooding
• general environmental impacts of rapid development

  -more trees cut down to make room for housing, reduces biodiversity

  -more air pollution, making it unhealthier for people to live there, reduces life expectancy
• indias relationships

  - china - trade and import raw materials

  -UK- british empire - improved India's development as they now have a large area to sell goods to
• negative social impact of rapid development

  -periphary areas not benefitted from service improvements so poverty gap widens
• negative economic impact of rapid development

  FDI targets core areas meaning that GDP per capita remains low
• TNCS


  -boost economy as more money from taxes so government can improve healthcare - life expectancy increases

  -develops countries infrastructure, attracts investment from FDI boosting economy
• reducing uneven development


  - FDI

  - Trade agreements - trades for free

  - debt relief - annual debt repayments

  - foreign aid - country sends aid

  - fair trade - trade goods for what they are worth