The Nervous System

• What does the CNS consist of?

  The brain and spinal cord
• What is the primary function of the brain?

  Provides conscious awareness and psychological processes
• How many main lobes does the brain have?

  Four main lobes
• What are the names of the four main lobes of the brain?

  Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital
• What does the occipital lobe process?

  Visual information
• What is the function of the temporal lobe?

  Processes auditory information
• What role does the parietal lobe play?

  Integrates information from different senses
• What functions are associated with the frontal lobe?

  Higher order functions like planning and reasoning
• What does the brain stem connect?

  Connects the brain and spinal cord
• What processes does the brain stem control?

  Involuntary processes like heartbeat and breathing
• What is the role of the spinal cord?

  Transfers messages to and from the brain
• What type of reflex actions does the spinal cord handle?

  Simple reflex actions not involving the brain
• What does the PNS stand for?

  Peripheral Nervous System
• What is the role of the peripheral nervous system?

  Relays messages from the CNS to the body
• What are the two main components of the PNS?

  Somatic and autonomic nervous systems
• What does the somatic nervous system facilitate?

  Communication between the CNS and the outside world
• What does the somatic nervous system consist of?

  Sensory receptors and motor pathways
• What is the role of the autonomic nervous system?

  Maintains homeostasis in the body
• What are the two components of the autonomic nervous system?

  Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
• What does the sympathetic nervous system prepare the body for?

  Fight or flight responses
• What happens to heart rate during sympathetic activation?

  Heart rate increases
• What functions are suppressed during sympathetic activation?

  Digestion, salivation, and urination
• What is the role of the parasympathetic nervous system?

  Relax the body and return to resting state
• What happens to heart rate during parasympathetic activation?

  Heart rate slows down
• What are the similarities and differences between the brain and spinal cord?

  Similarities:

  • Both control involuntary processes

  
  

  Differences:

  • Brain provides awareness and higher-order thinking
  • Spinal cord allows for simple reflex responses
  • Brain has multiple regions for different functions
  • Spinal cord has one main function
• What are the similarities and differences between the somatic and autonomic nervous systems?

  Similarities:

  • Both respond to external stimuli

  
  

  Differences:

  • Somatic has sensory and motor pathways
  • Autonomic only has motor pathways
  • Autonomic controls internal processes
  • Somatic controls muscles and movement
• What are the similarities and differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

  Similarities:

  • Both are components of the autonomic nervous system

  
  

  Differences:

  • Sympathetic prepares for fight or flight
  • Parasympathetic relaxes the body and restores normal state