changing places

• What is the formula for defining a place?

  Location + meaning = place
• How can meaning of a place be characterized?

  It can be personal or social/cultural
• What does it mean that places are dynamic?

  Human and physical geographies are constantly changing
• What is the 'sense of place'?

  Perception people hold of a place
• What factors contribute to a sense of place?

  Both physical and human factors
• What are the three aspects that make up a place?

  Locale, location, sense of place
• What is 'locale' in the context of place?

  The place where something happens or is set
• How is 'location' defined?

  Where a place is, e.g., coordinates
• What does 'sense of place' refer to?

  Subjective and emotional attachment to a place
• How does place making influence communities?

  It facilitates social interaction and improves quality of life
• What influences our attachment to a place?

  Quality or intensity of experiences there
• What are the terms for negative and positive attachments to places?

  Tropophobia and topophilia
• Who are considered insiders in the context of place?

  People who feel they belong in a place
• Who are considered outsiders in the context of place?

  People who feel out of place in a place
• How did COVID-19 impact homeless people in London?

  Hotels hosted homeless people during lockdown
• What does social exclusion refer to?

  Feeling out of place and not belonging
• What is spatial exclusion?

  Certain areas being excluded from society
• Name some groups affected by social exclusion.

  Physical disabilities, homeless, ethnic minorities
• Where are most gated communities located in the UK?

  London and surrounding areas
• What is dislocation in the context of housing?

  Feeling disconnected due to short-term tenancies
• Why do some Britons feel excluded from rural England?

  Immigrants mostly move to urban areas
• What percentage of visitors to UK national parks are from ethnic minorities?

  Less than 1%
• What are the four types of places mentioned?

  Near places, far places, experienced places, media places
• How do media places influence perceptions?

  They shape perceptions based on media representation
• What are near places characterized by?

  Security and a sense of home
• How are far places perceived?

  As foreign, alien, and exotic
• What is the emotional attachment to experienced places?

  Deeper emotional attachment develops through experience
• What are endogenous factors in place character?

  Internal factors shaping a place's character
• What are exogenous factors in place character?

  External factors affecting a place's characteristics
• What are the three theoretical approaches to studying place?

  Descriptive, social constructionist, phenomenological
• What does the descriptive approach focus on?

  Studying distinct places as sets
• How does the social constructionist approach view places?

  As products of social processes at a time
• What does the phenomenological approach emphasize?

  Individual experiences and personal relationships with places
• What are clone towns?

  High streets losing identity to chain stores
• How does globalization affect local cultures?

  It leads to the rise of global companies
• What is formal representation of place?

  Objective representation based on facts
• What is an example of abstract representation?

  The London tube map
• How can informal representations of places be created?

  Through art, TV, film, music, and photography
• What is urban regeneration?

  Reviving declining urban areas
• What challenges did Bradford face in regeneration?

  Lacked urban development corporation support