photosynthesis, respiration +breathing + smoking

• What are the first four uses of glucose in plants?

  Respiration, sucrose transport, starch storage, amino acids
• What are the last three uses of glucose in plants?

  Cellulose, chlorophyll, fats for storage
• What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?

  Light intensity, chlorophyll concentration, CO2 levels, temperature
• What does photosynthesis convert?

  Light energy to chemical energy
• What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide + water --> glucose and oxygen
• What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

  6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
• What is the function of the waxy cuticle in plants?

  Impermeable to water, minimizes water loss
• What is the function of the upper and lower epidermis in leaves?

  Protection from pathogens
• What is the function of the palisade mesophyll?

  Contains many chloroplasts for photosynthesis
• What is the function of the spongy mesophyll?

  Has air spaces for gas exchange
• What is the function of stomata in leaves?

  Allow CO2 into the leaf
• What is the function of guard cells?

  Open and close stomata
• What do plants need for growth?

  Mineral ions
• What do plants need to produce chlorophyll?

  Magnesium ions
• What do plants need to produce amino acids?

  Nitrates
• How does the rate of photosynthesis change throughout the day?

  No photosynthesis at night; stomata close
• What color does hydrogen carbonate indicator turn at high CO2 concentration?

  Yellow
• What color does hydrogen carbonate indicator turn at normal CO2 concentration?

  Red
• What color does hydrogen carbonate indicator turn at low CO2 concentration?

  Purple
• What color does hydrogen carbonate indicator turn for a plant in the dark?

  Yellow
• What color does hydrogen carbonate indicator turn for a plant in bright light?

  Purple
• What color does hydrogen carbonate indicator turn for a plant and animal together?

  Red
• What color does hydrogen carbonate indicator turn for a boiled plant?

  Red
• What are the waste products of metabolism in plants?

  CO2 and O2
• How does temperature change in a plant respiration practical?

  Germinating beans increase temperature
• What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

  Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
• What is the balanced equation for aerobic respiration?

  C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
• What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in humans?

  Glucose -> lactic acid
• What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants?

  Glucose --> ethanol + carbon dioxide
• How is carbon dioxide production measured in plants?

  Using germinating and boiled beans above indicator
• What are organelles?

  Specific jobs inside cells
• What are cells?

  Smallest unit of a living thing
• What are tissues?

  Group of similar cells working together
• What are organs?

  Groups of tissues working together
• What are organ systems?

  Groups of organs working together
• What happens during inhaling?

  Ribs move up, diaphragm contracts, intercostal muscles contract
• What happens during exhaling?

  Ribs move down, diaphragm relaxes, intercostal muscles relax
• What occurs during diffusion in gas exchange?

  Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into blood
• How is the structure of alveoli adapted for gas exchange?

  High surface area, moist, thin walls, good blood supply
• How is the concentration gradient maintained between alveoli and blood?

  Constant blood flow carries O2 away