Save
helminths and nematodes
Save
Share
Learn
Content
Leaderboard
Share
Learn
Created by
Casey Monks
Visit profile
Cards (80)
What are the two main phyla that parasitic worms belong to?
Ecdysozoa
and
Lophotrochozoa
What is the distinctive head region of cestodes called?
Scolex
What is the function of the rostellar hooks in cestodes?
Gripping the
intestinal wall
Essential for attachment
What is the body structure of cestodes called?
Strobila
What condition can cercariae cause when they infect human skin?
Dermatitis
What type of digestive system do nematodes have?
Open at
both ends
What is the reproductive strategy of nematodes?
Dioecious
What are the common features of nematodes' body structure?
Ornamented with
ridges
, rings, or
bristles
How many lips do nematodes have around their mouth?
Either
3
or
6
lips
What forms around the pharynx in nematodes?
A ring that acts as a
brain
What are
soil-transmitted helminths
(
STH
)?
Intestinal worms infecting humans
What temperature can
composting
kill
helminth
eggs
?
Above 60°C
How do hookworm eggs differ from Ascaris or Trichuris eggs?
Hookworm eggs are not
infective
What are soil-transmitted helminths classified as due to their impact?
Neglected tropical diseases
What is the typical size of adult Ascaris lumbricoides?
20
to
35
cm for females
How many eggs can female Ascaris produce daily?
200,000
eggs
What is the duration for complete development from egg to adult Ascaris?
3 months
What can heavy infestations of Ascaris cause in children?
Stunted growth due to
malnutrition
What is the primary vector for filarial nematodes?
Blood-feeding
insects
What is the disease caused by filarial nematodes?
Filariasis
What is the primary cause of elephantiasis?
Infection of the
lymphatic system
What is the primary treatment for filariasis?
Diethylcarbamazine
(DEC) and
ivermectin
What is the main challenge in treating filariasis?
No vaccines currently
available
What is the purpose of
mass drug treatment
for
filariasis
?
To reduce transmission, not cure
What was the estimated number of new cases of Dracunculus medinensis in 1986?
2 million
new cases
What is the significance of filter straws in Dracunculus medinensis control?
They prevent humans from bathing
blisters
What is the primary vector for Dracunculus medinensis?
Cyclops spp.
(copepod crustaceans)
What is the primary method of treatment for lymphatic filariasis?
Surgical intervention
to restore lymph flow
What is the primary method of treatment for onchocerciasis?
Removal of
nodules
and
cataracts
What do trematode eggs hatch into?
Miracidia
What is the role of miracidia in the trematode life cycle?
They infect
mollusks
What do cercariae do in the trematode life cycle?
They penetrate
bird
and
human
skin
What type of parasites are monogeneans?
Ectoparasites
How do monogeneans differ from trematodes in terms of life cycle?
Monogeneans have a
direct
life cycle
What is the specialized organ used by monogeneans for attachment?
Haptor
What is the primary characteristic of nematodes?
Cylindrical body with a
cuticle
What anatomical structures are visible in nematodes?
Mouth,
esophagus
,
intestine
, anus
What is the biological term for when a parasite alters its host's behavior?
Host manipulation
What type of environments do nematomorphids inhabit?
Aquatic
environments
In which environment do adult nematomorphids reproduce?
Aquatic
environments
See all 80 cards