psychology research methods

• What types of experiments are discussed in the video?

  Lab, field, natural, and quasi experiments
• What is a laboratory experiment?

  An experiment conducted in a controlled environment
• What is the main principle of a lab experiment regarding variables?

  Only the independent variable should change between conditions
• What is the purpose of controlling variables in a lab experiment?

  To measure the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable
• How might changing the color of light in a room serve as an independent variable?

  It can influence the recall of numbers
• What is a key advantage of lab experiments regarding cause and effect relationships?

  High control allows for confident cause and effect conclusions
• What does high internal validity in lab experiments imply?

  The observed effect is real and due to the independent variable
• What is a disadvantage of lab experiments regarding ecological validity?

  They may not generalize to real-world environments
• What does lacking mundane realism in lab tasks mean?

  The tasks are not reflective of real-world activities
• What are demand characteristics in the context of lab experiments?

  Participants may change their behavior based on what they think is expected
• How do field experiments address some weaknesses of lab experiments?

  They are conducted in real-world settings
• What is a key strength of field experiments?

  Increased external validity due to naturalistic behavior
• What does higher ecological validity in field experiments imply?

  Behaviors measured can be generalized to other situations
• What is mundane realism in the context of field experiments?

  The tasks used are likely to be real-world tasks
• How do field experiments minimize demand characteristics?

  Participants are often unaware they are part of a study
• What is a key weakness of field experiments compared to lab experiments?

  Lack of control over extraneous variables
• What are extraneous variables in field experiments?

  Variables that may change the measurement of the dependent variable
• What is a natural experiment?

  An experiment where the independent variable occurs naturally
• What is a strength of natural experiments?

  They allow research into areas that cannot be ethically studied otherwise
• Why do natural experiments have high external validity?

  Changes occur naturally in real life
• What is a limitation of natural experiments regarding cause and effect relationships?

  Researchers have no control over the independent variable
• Why are natural experiments often not replicable?

  They occur in rare situations that happen naturally
• What defines a quasi experiment?

  Participants cannot be randomly assigned to conditions
• What is a strength of quasi experiments?

  They allow study of factors that cannot be randomly assigned
• What is a limitation of quasi experiments regarding group differences?

  Differences may exist beyond group membership
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the different types of experiments discussed?

  Strengths:

  • Lab experiments: High control, high internal validity, replicable
  • Field experiments: Increased external validity, naturalistic behavior
  • Natural experiments: Ethical research, high external validity
  • Quasi experiments: Necessary for studying certain factors

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Lab experiments: Low ecological validity, demand characteristics
  • Field experiments: Lack of control, extraneous variables
  • Natural experiments: No control over IV, not replicable
  • Quasi experiments: Group differences beyond membership
• What resources are available for students and teachers on psych.com?

  Printable resources and exam tutorial videos
• How does the support from patrons benefit the development of the research methods unit?

  It allows the creator to teach part-time and produce content for everyone
• What is the purpose of the video series on research methods?

  To provide tutorials and exam tips for students
• What is the final topic mentioned in the video?

  Observations