Reactions with metals

• What are the three reactions of metals mentioned?

  Metal plus oxygen, water, and dilute acid
• What is the product of a metal reacting with oxygen?

  Metal oxide
• What does magnesium produce when burned in air?

  Magnesium oxide
• Why does aluminum not corrode quickly in air?

  It forms a protective layer of aluminum oxide
• What happens to lithium, sodium, and potassium when exposed to air?

  They tarnish and look dull
• What color is lithium oxide compared to shiny lithium metal?

  Grayish color
• What happens to silver cutlery over time?

  It tarnishes due to oxygen reaction
• What is produced when a metal reacts with water?

  Metal hydroxide plus hydrogen
• How does the reactivity of group one metals change with water?

  They become more reactive down the group
• Which metals are typically demonstrated in water reactions?

  Lithium, sodium, and potassium
• What happens to less reactive metals like iron in water?

  They react slowly and can rust
• What is the reactivity series?

  A list ranking metals by reactivity
• What does a metal plus dilute acid produce?

  Salt plus hydrogen
• What is a salt in chemistry?

  A product of acid neutralization
• What does calcium produce when reacting with sulfuric acid?

  Calcium sulfate plus hydrogen
• Why does calcium displace hydrogen in reactions?

  Calcium is more reactive than hydrogen
• What is produced when sodium reacts with hydrochloric acid?

  Sodium chloride plus hydrogen
• What does nitric acid produce when reacting with calcium?

  Calcium nitrate plus hydrogen
• What does sulfuric acid produce when reacting with potassium?

  Potassium sulfate plus hydrogen
• What trend in reactivity is observed in metals?

  More reactive metals lose outer electrons easily
• Why is potassium more reactive than sodium?

  Its outer electron is further from the nucleus
• Why does reactivity decrease from left to right in the periodic table?

  More energy is needed to remove outer electrons
• What are the products of the reaction between sodium and water?

  • Sodium hydroxide
  • Hydrogen gas
• What are the trends in metal reactivity?

  • More reactive metals lose outer electrons easily
  • Reactivity increases down groups
  • Reactivity decreases across periods
• What happens when metals react with dilute acids?

  • Produces salt
  • Produces hydrogen gas
  • Depends on the metal and acid used
• What is the significance of the reactivity series?

  • Ranks metals by their reactivity
  • Helps predict reactions with acids and water
  • Indicates displacement reactions
• What is the role of the protective layer in aluminum?

  • Prevents corrosion
  • Forms aluminum oxide
  • Protects from further oxidation