functionalism and crime

• What does the term 'anomie' refer to?

  A state of normlessness
• What is 'value consensus' in society?

  Society promoting shared norms and values
• How is 'culture' defined?

  A set of shared norms, values, beliefs, and goals
• What is the purpose of socialisation?

  To instil norms and values from childhood
• How is social control achieved?

  Through sanctions for conformity and deviance
• What does Durkheim say about crime in society?

  Crime is normal and integral to healthy societies
• Why is crime considered inevitable according to the study material?

  Not everyone is equally socialised into norms
• How do diverse subcultures contribute to crime?

  They have different definitions of deviance
• What are the four functions of crime according to functionalists?

  1. Boundary maintenance
  2. Social change
  3. Warning light
  4. Safety valve
• What is the function of boundary maintenance in crime?

  It reinforces commitment to shared norms
• How does crime contribute to social change?

  It challenges outdated ideas for new ones
• What does deviance indicate according to Cohen?

  That an institution is not functioning properly
• How does crime act as a safety valve according to Davis?

  It allows controlled release of frustrations
• What happens if there is too little crime in society?

  Society becomes too repressive and controlling
• What is the consequence of too much crime in society?

  It tears the bonds of society apart
• What is a criticism of the functionalist theory regarding crime?

  It ignores the impact of crime on individuals
• How can crime impact solidarity according to the criticisms?

  It can isolate certain individuals