sampling

    Cards (17)

    • what is random sampling? 

      everyone has an equal chance of being selected
    • what is positive about random sampling? 

      it is free from researcher bias, this means that the researcher cannot choose a certain person to ensure they get better results.
    • what is negative about random sampling?

      the people picked may not want to take part
    • what is negative about random sampling?

      ensuring that everyone in the target population has an equal chance of being selected is a difficult and time consuming task
    • what is systematic sampling?

      every nth member of the population is selected
    • what is positive about systematic sampling?
      it is free from researcher bias, this means that the researcher cannot choose a certain person to ensure they get better results.
    • what is negative about systematic sampling? 

      it might be that every nth person has a particular characteristic in common, such as being all female, so it may not be representative
    • what is opportunity sampling? 

      its when people who are available at the time are selected
    • what is positive about an opportunity sample?

      its quicker and easier since it requires less effort on behalf of the researcher
    • what is negative about an opportunity sample?

      there are issues of self bias, with an opportunity sample, as the sample is drawn from a very specific location, meaning the sample will not be representative.
    • what is negative about an opportunity sample?

      there is an increased risk of investigator bias as the researcher has complete control over who they approach. they may pick people who they think would get them better results.
    • what is volunteer sampling?

      participants self-select i.e. volunteer to take part
    • what is positive about volunteer sampling?

      this technique requires minimal effort and input on behalf of the researcher, this may make obtaining the sample quicker and easier.
    • what is a negative about volunteer sampling?

      very often it is a particular type of person that is likely to volunteer, they are more curious or inquisitive by nature and may volunteer more readily, the sample is likely to be biased and not representative of the target population
    • what is stratified sampling? 

      the sample will reflect the proportions of people in the population.
    • what is negative about stratified sampling? 

      ensuring that the subgroups/strata in the target population are all accurately identified is sometimes a difficult and time consuming task
    • what is positive about stratified sampling?

      the sample is likely to be representative because each subgroup, if selected appropriately, will be represented within the sample. this means the findings can be generalised.
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