Ultrasound

• What is the frequency range of ultrasound?

  Above 20,000 Hertz
• Why can some animals produce ultrasound naturally?

  For communication or echolocation
• How do humans produce ultrasound?

  Using electrical devices
• What happens when ultrasound hits a boundary between two mediums?

  Some waves are reflected, some transmitted
• What is the process called when only some ultrasound waves are reflected?

  Partial reflection
• How can we determine the distance to a boundary using ultrasound?

  By knowing speed and reflection time
• Why is ultrasound considered safe?

  It does not involve radiation
• What is a common use of ultrasound in medicine?

  Scanning fetuses
• How does ultrasound imaging work for fetuses?

  By processing reflected waves to create images
• What happens to ultrasound waves when they pass from one medium to another?

  Some waves are reflected back
• How can ultrasound be used in industry?

  To check the quality of products
• What indicates a fault in an object during ultrasound testing?

  Unexpected reflected waves
• What is echo sounding also known as?

  Sonar
• How do submarines use ultrasound?

  To detect objects in the ocean
• If ultrasound travels at $1400 \text{ m/s}$ and takes $6 \text{ seconds}$ to return, what is the total distance traveled?


  $8400 \text{ meters}$
• What is the actual distance from the submarine to the seafloor if the total distance is $8400 \text{ meters}$?


  $4200 \text{ meters}$
• What are the applications of ultrasound technology?

  • Prenatal scanning
  • Industrial imaging
  • Sonar for detecting objects
• What are the key processes involved in ultrasound imaging?

  1. Production of ultrasound waves
  2. Reflection and transmission at boundaries
  3. Processing of reflected waves to create images