Early Modern

• What were living conditions like for the poor during the Early Modern Period?

  Poor living conditions were harsh and difficult
• What was a common feature of markets during the Early Modern Period?

  At least one market was present
• What type of headwear did poor people commonly wear?

  Close fitted caps, known as biggins
• What type of footwear was common among the poor?

  High boots, known as buskins
• What type of trousers did poor people wear?

  Knee-length trousers
• What was a common practice regarding fires among the poor?

  Inenoox peoples fires were common
• What was a common weapon carried by more people during this period?

  Daggers
• What was the punishment for any felony during the Early Modern Period?

  Any felony was punished by death
• How many different methods of execution were there for felonies?

  Six different methods
• What is one method of execution mentioned?

  Hanging
• What is another method of execution mentioned?

  Burning at the stake
• What does "hanging, drawing & quartering" involve?

  It involves multiple brutal execution methods
• What was the law regarding homeless people from other neighborhoods?

  It was against the law to care for them
• Who created an act for the relief of the poor?

  Elizabeth
• How was the relief for the poor funded?

  Taxed locally and given to the parish
• What was established for the poor for the next 200 years?

  The cave for the poor
• What was the average child mortality rate regarding parents?

  One child would lose one parent
• What was the average child mortality rate regarding siblings?

  Adults would lose half their children
• What happened to houses where plague was found?

  They were boarded up and ignored
• How long must a plague-infected house be ignored?

  Six weeks
• What did people do when they were infected with the plague?

  They dug their own grave and laid in it
• What type of housing did the poor receive?

  A cheap alternative of a house
• What was a common struggle for many families during this period?

  Struggling to house and feed their families
• What types of meat did the rich eat in Early Modern England?

  Beef, mutton, goose, rabbit, and pigeon
• How did trade affect the diets of the rich in Early Modern England?

  It made their diets more varied and diverse
• How many coffee houses were there in London by 1750?

  500 coffee houses
• What was a negative health effect of sugar consumption among the rich?

  It caused obesity and rotting teeth
• What type of houses did rich people in towns live in during Early Modern England?

  Oak-framed town houses
• What materials were used to build houses for the rich from the 1600s?

  Stone or brick
• What was the purpose of the 'New River' built in 1609?

  To bring water to houses in London
• How did rich people obtain water for their houses?

  They paid for it to be piped in
• How did rich people wash their clothes in Early Modern England?

  Servants washed their clothes
• Why did rich people wash less frequently than today?

  They feared dirt from water could infect them
• What was used to heat baths for the rich?

  Firewood
• What type of soap did rich people buy for washing?

  Expensive soaps made from olive oil
• How often was household waste collected in towns?

  Once or twice a week
• What did scavengers do with household waste if they forgot to collect it?

  Dump it onto dunghills outside town
• Who invented the flushing toilet in 1596?

  Sir John Harrington
• What was a common method for disposing of human waste for most people?

  Using privies that emptied into cesspits
• What did cesspits require for emptying?

  Scavengers