Sports science final exam

• Extrinsic factors:

  • type of sporting activity
  • Coaching
  • Environment
  • Equipment
• Intrinsic factors/individual variables:

  • gender
  • Age
  • Experience
  • Weight
  • Fitness levels
  • medical conditions
  • Tiredness
  • Nutrition/hydration
  • Recurring injuries
• Psychological factors:

  • motivation - having the drive to succeed
  • Arousal - level of excitement in performer
  • Anxiety/stress - negative emotional state feeling worried
  • Confidence - self believing in themselves to succeed
  • Aggression(direct/channelled) - channelled aggression involves playing within the rules whereas direct aggression is the intention to harm others
• Reasons for aggression:

  • level of performance
  • Retaliation
  • Pressure to win
  • Decision’s of officials
  • Performance enhancing drugs
• Mental strategies:

  • mental rehearsal
  • Imagery
  • Selective attention
• Warm up components:

  Pulse raiser

  Mobility

  Dynamic stretching

  Skill rehearsal
• Cool down:

  Pulse lowerer

  Static stretches
• What is the purpose of risk assessments?

  To assess injury risk and severity
• What do control measures aim to achieve?

  Removal of hazards and reduction of risks
• What factors can influence the risk of injury?

  Characteristics of the individual/group
• How does group size affect sporting activities?

  It affects the space needed for safety
• What strategies help reduce the risk of sports injuries?

  • Medicals: Assess physical fitness
  • Screening: Identify underlying health issues
  • National governing body policies: Ensure safety
• What is an Emergency Action Plan (EAP)?

  A document for emergency treatment procedures
• Who are considered emergency personnel?

  First aider, coach, or official
• What is the purpose of emergency communication?

  To provide emergency contact numbers
• What should be included in emergency equipment?

  First aid kit, defibrillator, stretcher
• What does SALTAPS stand for in on-field assessment?

  • SEE: Witness of injury
  • ASK: How and where it hurts
  • LOOK: Signs of injury
  • TOUCH: Check for heat and tenderness
  • ACTIVE: Movement assessment
  • PASSIVE: Range of movement check
  • STRENGTH: Resisted movement assessment
• What is the first step in the DRABC procedure?

  Ensure the area is safe
• What does the 'Response' step in DRABC check for?

  If the casualty is responsive
• What should you check for in the 'Airway' step?

  If it is clear or blocked
• What is assessed during the 'Breathing' step?

  If the casualty is breathing normally
• What should be done if the casualty isn't breathing?

  Check for bleeding and perform CPR
• What are the steps to place someone in the recovery position?

  1. Follow DRABC
  2. Tilt head to open airway
  3. Kneel beside the person
  4. Position one arm at 90 degrees
  5. Place other hand against cheek
  6. Bend the furthest knee
  7. Roll onto their side
  8. Open airway
  9. Monitor the casualty
• What does PRICE therapy stand for?

  • PROTECTION: Protect the injury
  • REST: Immobilize and rest
  • ICE: Apply ice for 15-20 minutes
  • COMPRESS: Apply pressure to limit swelling
  • ELEVATE: Keep the injury above heart level
• What is the purpose of X-rays in medical assessments?

  To provide images of the inside of the body
• What conditions can X-rays detect?

  Fractures and heart or lung issues
• How do brain scans (CT) create images?

  Using X-ray and computers
• What do acute sports injuries affect?

  Soft tissue parts of the body
• What is a sprain?

  A tear to a ligament from a fall
• What is an example of a sprain?

  A gymnast rolling their ankle
• What is the treatment for a sprain?

  PRICE
• What is a strain?

  A pulled muscle from overstretching
• What is an example of a strain?

  A goalkeeper overstretching their hamstring
• What is the treatment for a strain?

  PRICE
• What type of injuries are caused by contact with an object or person?

  Skin damage injuries
• What are abrasions?

  Top layer of skin scraped off
• What is an example of an abrasion?

  A sprinter grazing their knee
• What is the treatment for abrasions?

  Sterile dressing/plaster
• What are cuts/lacerations?

  Openings in the skin caused by sharp objects
• What is an example of a cut/laceration?

  A lacrosse player being hit by a stick