Plant cell organisation

• What are the two main parts of the plant organ system?

  Roots and shoots
• What are the examples of plant tissues and their functions?

  • Epidermal tissue: covers the whole plant
  • Palisade mesophyll: site of photosynthesis
  • Spongy mesophyll: allows gas diffusion
  • Xylem: transports water and minerals
  • Phloem: transports food
  • Meristem tissue: allows growth and differentiation
• What is the function of leaves in plants?

  Leaves are organs
• How are the structures of leaf tissues adapted for their functions?

  They are specialized for photosynthesis and gas exchange
• How are plant cells organized?

  Cells into tissues, tissues into organs
• What role do plant organs play in organ systems?

  They perform tasks necessary for survival
• What does epidermal tissue do?

  Covers the whole plant
• Where does most photosynthesis occur in the leaf?

  In the palisade mesophyll tissue
• What is the function of spongy mesophyll tissue?

  Contains air spaces for gas diffusion
• What do xylem and phloem transport?

  Water, minerals, and food
• Where is meristem tissue found?

  At the growing tips of shoots and roots
• What is the role of meristem tissue?

  Allows differentiation into various cell types
• What tissues make up a leaf?

  • Epidermal tissue
  • Palisade mesophyll
  • Spongy mesophyll
  • Xylem
  • Phloem
• How does the structure of the upper epidermis aid in photosynthesis?

  It is transparent, allowing light to pass through
• Why does the palisade layer have many chloroplasts?

  To maximize light absorption for photosynthesis
• What is the function of the xylem and phloem in leaves?

  Deliver nutrients and support leaf structure
• What are stomata and their function?

  Small holes for gas exchange in leaves
• How do guard cells regulate stomata?

  By responding to environmental conditions
• What is the role of air spaces in spongy mesophyll tissue?

  Increase the rate of gas diffusion
• What is the process called that transports substances in phloem?

  Translocation
• What do phloem tubes transport?

  Dissolved sugars from leaves
• How does transport occur in phloem?

  In both directions between leaves and roots
• What are xylem tubes made of?

  Dead cells joined end to end
• What is the function of xylem tubes?

  Transport water and minerals
• How do xylem tubes support plant structure?

  By forming a network of vascular bundles