digestive enzymes

• What is the role of bile in digestion?

  It helps speed up lipid digestion
• What happens to large food molecules during digestion?

  They are digested into smaller molecules
• What do enzymes do in chemical reactions?

  They speed them up
• What are enzymes made of?

  Large protein molecules
• What is the active site of an enzyme?

  Where the substrate attaches
• What is a substrate in the context of enzymes?

  The molecule that the enzyme breaks down
• What does the lock and key theory describe?

  Enzyme specificity for substrates
• What type of enzymes break down proteins?

  Proteases
• Where are proteases found?

  In the stomach and pancreatic fluid
• What are proteins made of?

  Chains of amino acids
• What happens to proteins during digestion?

  They are converted to amino acids
• What type of enzymes break down carbohydrates?

  Carbohydrases
• What is the specific enzyme that breaks down starch?

  Amylase
• What is starch made of?

  A chain of glucose molecules
• Where is amylase found?

  In saliva and pancreatic fluid
• What is the structure of a lipid molecule?

  Glycerol and three fatty acids
• What enzyme digests lipids?

  Lipase
• What products are formed when lipids are digested?

  Glycerol and fatty acids
• Where is lipase found?

  In pancreatic fluid and small intestine
• What is the role of bile in lipid digestion?

  It emulsifies lipid droplets
• Where is bile produced and stored?

  Produced in the liver, stored in gallbladder
• How does bile affect lipid digestion?

  It increases the surface area of droplets
• What is the pH nature of bile?

  Bile is alkaline
• How does bile help in the small intestine?

  It neutralizes stomach acids
• What is the effect of bile on lipid digestion rate?

  It increases the rate of digestion
• What are the two main roles of bile in digestion?

  Emulsifies lipids and neutralizes acids