behavioural genetics

• What is the primary aim of behavioural genetics?

  To understand behavioural genetics foundations
• What research methodologies are familiarized in behavioural genetics?

  Family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies
• What is a significant focus of behavioural genetics research?

  Examining heritability of personality traits
• What does behavioural genetics explore?

  Causal links between genetics and behaviour
• What is heritability in behavioural genetics?

  Extent of genetic factors in behaviour
• What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

  Genotype is genetic code; phenotype is observable traits
• What are the laws of behavioural genetics according to Turkheimer?

  Four laws regarding heritability and environment
• What are the four laws of behavioural genetics?

  1. All human behavioural traits are heritable.
  2. Family influence is less significant than genetics.
  3. Variation in complex behaviours is not fully explained by genes or family.
  4. Typical traits link to many genetic variants.
• What historical trend influenced early 20th-century British scientists?

  Quantitative study of intellectual abilities and eugenics
• What statistical methods contributed to modern behavioural genetics?

  Advanced statistical methods for twin studies
• What publication reignited research in behavioural genetics in the 1960s?

  Arthur Jensen's publication on IQ variation
• How do researchers categorize environmental influences?

  Shared and non-shared environments
• What does polygenic mean in the context of intelligence and personality?

  Influenced by multiple genetic factors
• What are the three models of genetic transmission?

  1. Passive Model: Parents provide genes and environment.
  2. Child-Effects Model: Children shape environments based on genetics.
  3. Parent-Effects Model: Parents respond to children's genetic traits.
• How is total genetic variation calculated?

  VG = VA + VD + VI
• What is the focus of recent studies in molecular genetics?

  Identifying genetic influences on personality traits
• What personality trait is linked to the D4 receptor gene?

  Novelty-seeking behaviour
• Which gene is associated with anxiety levels?

  Serotonin transporter gene
• How does the serotonin transporter gene affect anxiety?

  Affects serotonin reuptake, correlating with anxiety