Setting/Streaming

• What is SETTING?

  Setting is the placement of students into classes for INDIVIDUAL subjects based on ability.
• What is STREAMING?

  Streaming is ability grouping students across all subjects.
• What two things cause schools to implement sets and streams?

  - League tables

  - A-C economy
• What are sets and streams influenced/determined by?

  • educational triage
• What socio-economic class are typically in the highest sets or streams?

  Middle class
• Which socio-economic class are typically at the bortom sets/streams?

  Working class
• Which sociologists termed these two terms?

  A-C economy, Educational Triage.

  Gilborn and Youdell
• Who links streaming to labelling and how?

  • Becker (1971)
  • Teachers see working class students as lacking ability and have low expectations for them
  • This makes it likely working class pupils are in lower streams.
• Who connects self-fulfilling prophecy to streaming and what evidence do they use?

  • Douglas
  • Children placed in lower streams at age 8, suffered a decline in their IQ score at age 11.
• As Becker shows:

  • Students in higher streams are more likely to have higher expectations from teachers, thus challenged.
  • Students in lower streams are more likely to have lower expectations from teachers, so aren't challenged.
• Name the three groups under educational triage:

  • Those who will pass anyway
  • Boderline C or D grade (extra help)
  • Hopeless cases
• To attract more pupils, thus more funding, schools have to achieve a good league table position.

  • This causes the A-C economy and sets/streams.
• Evaluation of setting/streaming?

  1. Fuller (1984) study of black girls in yr 11, who rejected racist labels, shows students can still academically achieve.
  2. Mixed ability teaching could reduce inequalities