anatomy & physiology

• What are the main components of the central nervous system (CNS)?

  Brain and spinal cord
• What is the primary function of the CNS?

  Processes information and regulates bodily functions
• How does the spinal cord contribute to the CNS?

  It sends signals to the brain
• What role does the spinal cord play in the body?

  Controls different parts of the body
• What is the key function of the autonomic nervous system?

  Transmits signals between brain and body
• What are the three main functions of the autonomic nervous system?

  Reflex actions, coordination, and regulation
• What does the autonomic nervous system regulate?

  Involuntary bodily functions
• What are the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

  Sympathetic and parasympathetic systems
• What is the function of the sympathetic nervous system?

  Prepares the body for 'fight or flight'
• What is the function of the parasympathetic nervous system?

  Promotes 'rest and digest' activities
• What does the enteric nervous system regulate?

  Digestive processes
• What are the functions of sensory neurons?

  Transmit sensory information to the CNS
• What do motor neurons do?

  Carry signals from CNS to muscles and glands
• What is the peripheral nervous system (PNS) composed of?

  Nerves outside the CNS
• What are the main functions of the PNS?

  Transmits signals from environment to CNS
• What are the functions of the autonomic nervous system?

  • Regulates heart rate (HR)
  • Controls blood pressure (BP)
  • Processes digestion
  • Regulates temperature
  • Controls pupil dilation/constriction
• What are the effects of the sympathetic nervous system?

  • Dilates pupils
  • Increases heartbeat
  • Relaxes airways
  • Inhibits stomach activity
• What are the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system?

  • Constricts pupils
  • Stimulates saliva production
  • Decreases heartbeat
  • Constricts airways
  • Stimulates stomach activity
• What is the structure of the spinal cord?

  Cylindrical and divided into regions
• How does the CNS regulate bodily functions?

  By maintaining heart rate, blood pressure, and temperature
• How do sensory and motor neurons work together?

  Sensory neurons transmit signals to CNS, motor neurons respond
• What is the role of the cerebellum?

  Coordination and balance
• What is the function of the hypothalamus?

  Regulates homeostasis
• What is the corpus callosum's function?

  Connects the left and right brain hemispheres
• What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

  Higher cognitive functions and decision making
• What is the role of the brain in the nervous system?

  Center for processing information
• What are the main components of the central nervous system (CNS)?

  Brain and spinal cord
• What is the primary function of the brain in the CNS?

  It is the center of the body
• What does the spinal cord do?

  It sends signals to the brain
• How does the CNS regulate autonomic functions?

  By maintaining heart rate, blood pressure, and temperature
• What is the structure of the spinal cord?

  Cylindrical and divided into several regions
• What is the key function of the spinal cord?

  To transmit signals between the brain and body
• What are automatic responses in the context of the spinal cord?

  Reflex actions that do not require brain involvement
• What does the autonomic nervous system regulate?

  Involuntary bodily functions
• What are the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

  Sympathetic and parasympathetic systems
• What is the function of the sympathetic nervous system?

  To initiate the fight or flight response
• What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?

  It promotes rest and digestion
• What is the role of the enteric nervous system?

  It regulates gastrointestinal functions
• What do sensory neurons do?

  Transmit sensory information to the CNS
• What is the function of motor neurons?

  Carry signals from CNS to muscles and glands