Multistore model of memory

• Who proposed the multi-store model of memory (MSM)?

  Atkinson and Shiffrin
• What does the multi-store model of memory assume?

  There are three unitary memory stores
• What is the process of encoding in memory?


  Changing information for storage in memory
• What are the three types of encoding?

  • Visual (Iconic)
  • Acoustic
  • Semantic (gives meaning)
• What is the duration of sensory memory?

  half second
• What is the capacity of sensory memory?

  All sensory experience (unlimited)
• How is information encoded in sensory memory?

  Sense specific (different stores for each sense)
• What happens to most information in sensory memory?

  It is lost through decay
• What is the duration of short-term memory (STM)?

  0-18 seconds
• What is the capacity of short-term memory (STM)?

  7 +/- 2 items (chunks)
• How is information primarily encoded in short-term memory (STM)?

  Mainly auditory (acoustically)
• What are the two ways information is lost in STM?

  Displacement or decay
• What is maintenance rehearsal in STM?

  Repeating information to remember it
• What is an example of maintenance rehearsal?

  Remembering a phone number temporarily
• What is the duration of long-term memory (LTM)?

  Unlimited
• What is the capacity of long-term memory (LTM)?

  Unlimited
• How is information primarily encoded in long-term memory (LTM)?

  Mainly semantic but can be visual or auditory
• What allows information to pass into long-term memory (LTM)?

  If information is given meaning
• What are the strengths of the multi-store model of memory (MSM)?

  • Case of HM supports MSM
  • HM's STM was unaffected
  • He could not form new long-term memories
• What are the weaknesses of the multi-store model of memory (MSM)?

  • Evidence of more than one STM store
  • Case of KF shows STM variability
  • MSM claims only one STM store
• What did the case of KF reveal about STM?

  There is more than one STM store
• How did KF's recall differ when digits were read aloud versus when he read them himself?

  Better recall when he read them himself
• What does the case of HM illustrate about memory encoding?

  He could not encode new memories
• What does the MSM claim about the structure of memory?

  It claims there is only one STM store