Liberated Countries

• What is the title of the section discussing the liberated countries of Europe?

  Liberated Countries of Europe
• What was Benes's main concern when he visited Moscow in December 1943?

  • He wanted security for Czechoslovakia.
  • Signed the Treaty of Friendship.
• What did the Treaty of Friendship guarantee regarding the Communist Party in Czechoslovakia?

  It guaranteed the Communist Party a position of primary importance despite their small electoral support.
• Which party was banned in Czechoslovakia, which was the main rival of the Communists?

  The Czechoslovak Agrarian Party
• What significant territorial change occurred involving the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia?

  The Soviet Union annexed the former Czechoslovak province of Ruthenia.
• When did Benes take office in Czechoslovakia?

  April 1945
• How was Benes's government characterized in Eastern Europe?

  It was the most pro-Soviet government in Eastern Europe.
• What role did Hungary play during World War II?

  Hungary was an ally of Germany and participated in the invasion of the Soviet Union.
• What happened when the Red Army entered Hungary in September 1944?

  They fought against both Wehrmacht and Hungarian forces.
• What was the outcome of Admiral Horthy's armistice order in Hungary?

  He was deposed by the Germans and replaced by Ferenc Szalasi.
• When did military operations by the Red Army cease in Hungary?

  April 1945
• Who was handed control of the liberated territories in Hungary?

  A coalition of parties, with the largest being the peasant Smallholders Party.
• What was the status of Soviet troops in Hungary after the war?

  Soviet troops remained in Hungary even after the war.
• What was Romania's position during World War II?

  Romania was a German ally and occupied Soviet territory in the Crimea.
• What significant political change occurred in Romania in 1944?

  A coup d'état led by King Michael ousted the fascist Iron Guard regime.
• What did the Soviets force King Michael to do in February 1945?

  They forced him to appoint the pro-Soviet Dr. Petru Groza as Prime Minister.
• What was Bulgaria's stance during World War II?

  Bulgaria did not fight against the Soviet Union.
• What happened in Bulgaria in September 1944?

  Communist partisans liberated the capital, Sofia, and the Red Army was welcomed.
• What territories were annexed by the USSR from Bulgaria?

  Bessarabia and northern Bukovina were annexed by the USSR.
• Why was Soviet influence in Yugoslavia more limited?

  Because the country was liberated by communist partisans led by Josef Tito.
• What was the Red Army's involvement in Yugoslavia?

  The Red Army did not stay and simply passed through on the way to liberate Hungary and Austria.
• How did Stalin view the formation of the government in Yugoslavia?

  He was happy to allow a fellow communist to form the government.
• What did Finland accept when they left the Axis powers in 1944?

  They accepted the provisions of the Treaty of Moscow from 1940.
• What was the status of the Communist Party in Finland after the war?

  The Communist Party was legalized, and the Prime Minister aligned with Soviet interests.
• What was the Polish sentiment towards Stalin after the events of 1939?

  Poles were deeply suspicious of Stalin and hoped for support from the West.
• Why did Stalin consider Poland important?

  Because it was directly between Germany and the USSR.
• What significant agreement was established between Poland and the Soviet Union in August 1941?

  A military alliance was signed.
• What was the London Poles' initial reaction to Stalin's regime?

  They were reluctant to come to terms with a dictator due to his ruthless treatment of eastern Poland.
• What did Stalin agree to do regarding Polish prisoners of war?

  He agreed to release the thousands of Polish prisoners of war captured in 1939.