Health and Disease

• What does the World Health Organization define health as?

  A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
• Why are there many different diseases with different causes?

  Because health is influenced by various factors
• What are the three overlapping circles that represent health?

  • Mental well-being
  • Physical well-being
  • Social well-being
• How does health relate to feelings about oneself?

  It reflects how you feel about yourself
• What are some indicators of good health?

  Eating well and sleeping well
• How does health affect interactions with others?

  It influences how well you get along with others
• What are the types of diseases based on communicability?

  • Communicable diseases (can be passed between people)
  • Non-communicable diseases (cannot be passed between people)
• What is a pathogen?

  An organism that causes infectious disease
• How do pathogens affect health?

  They can infect and cause diseases in hosts
• How do fungi impact trees?

  They can kill sick trees directly
• What happens when a tree is sick?

  It becomes easier for other pathogens to infect it
• What is the effect of sick trees on other pathogens?

  They make it easier for other pathogens to infect
• What happens if a tree is sick?

  It becomes easier for other pathogens to infect it
• What are communicable diseases abbreviated as?

  NCDs
• How does HIV affect the immune system?

  It weakens the immune system
• What can different kinds of pathogens cause?

  Different diseases with varying symptoms
• What is the consequence of a weakened immune system?

  Less ability to fight off diseases
• Why is it important to describe infections given on the page?

  To understand their symptoms and effects
• What are the characteristics of communicable and non-communicable diseases?

  • Communicable diseases: Can be passed between people
  • Non-communicable diseases: Cannot be passed between people
• How does the immune system respond to pathogens?

  It fights off infections and diseases
• How many marks are allocated for naming the disease?

  One mark
• What happens when a pathogen infects a host?

  It can reproduce rapidly and cause illness
• How many marks are allocated for describing two symptoms?

  Two marks
• What is the impact of HIV on health?

  It weakens the immune system
• How do pathogens reproduce inside a host?


  They reproduce rapidly
• What is the requirement for each pathogen group in the exam?

  Give one example and describe symptoms
• What are the groups of pathogens mentioned in the study material?

  • Viruses
  • Bacteria
  • Fungi
• What is the relationship between pathogens and the immune system?

  Pathogens can weaken the immune system's effectiveness
• What is the total mark allocation for the exam question on communicable diseases?

  Three marks
• What is the consequence of a weakened immune system?

  Increased susceptibility to diseases
• Why is it important to know the symptoms of infections?

  To identify and treat them effectively
• How do pathogens spread in a community?

  Through contact and environmental exposure
• How can understanding symptoms help in managing infections?

  It aids in timely diagnosis and treatment
• What is the effect of a large number of pathogens on health?

  It can lead to severe illness
• What is the size of bacteria compared to viruses?

  Bacteria are larger than viruses
• What is the role of pathogens in disease?

  They cause infectious diseases
• How do pathogens affect the immune response?

  They can weaken the immune response
• What is the impact of pathogens on health?

  They can cause infectious diseases
• What types of pathogens include bacteria and viruses?

  Pathogens include bacteria and viruses
• What happens when pathogens infect your body?

  They can reproduce very rapidly